DE602004007427D1 - Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Implantat aus Titanlegierung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Implantat aus TitanlegierungInfo
- Publication number
- DE602004007427D1 DE602004007427D1 DE602004007427T DE602004007427T DE602004007427D1 DE 602004007427 D1 DE602004007427 D1 DE 602004007427D1 DE 602004007427 T DE602004007427 T DE 602004007427T DE 602004007427 T DE602004007427 T DE 602004007427T DE 602004007427 D1 DE602004007427 D1 DE 602004007427D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- surface treatment
- treatment method
- titanium alloy
- alloy implant
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/26—Acidic compositions for etching refractory metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0012—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
- A61C8/0013—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy with a surface layer, coating
- A61C8/0015—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy with a surface layer, coating being a conversion layer, e.g. oxide layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/04—Metals or alloys
- A61L27/06—Titanium or titanium alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
- A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
- A61C2008/0046—Textured surface, e.g. roughness, microstructure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2002/30925—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth etched
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/18—Modification of implant surfaces in order to improve biocompatibility, cell growth, fixation of biomolecules, e.g. plasma treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49567—Dental appliance making
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US47146303P | 2003-05-16 | 2003-05-16 | |
US471463P | 2003-05-16 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE602004007427D1 true DE602004007427D1 (de) | 2007-08-23 |
DE602004007427T2 DE602004007427T2 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
DE602004007427T3 DE602004007427T3 (de) | 2011-04-21 |
Family
ID=33030128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE602004007427T Active DE602004007427T3 (de) | 2003-05-16 | 2004-05-14 | Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Implantat aus Titanlegierung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US8251700B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1477141B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4781639B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101106158B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE366558T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2467320C (de) |
DE (1) | DE602004007427T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (61)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8251700B2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2012-08-28 | Biomet 3I, Llc | Surface treatment process for implants made of titanium alloy |
WO2006091582A2 (en) | 2005-02-24 | 2006-08-31 | Implant Innovations, Inc. | Surface treatment methods for implants made of titanium or titanium alloy |
US8585767B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors |
US9125756B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-09-08 | Titan Spine, Llc | Processes for producing regular repeating patterns on surfaces of interbody devices |
US8562684B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having a roughened surface topography |
US8758442B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-06-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite implants having integration surfaces composed of a regular repeating pattern |
US9168147B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-10-27 | Titan Spine, Llc | Self-deploying locking screw retention device |
US8585765B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant having a raised expulsion-resistant edge |
US8545568B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-01 | Titan Spine, Llc | Method of using instruments and interbody spinal implants to enhance distraction |
US8480749B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-07-09 | Titan Spine, Llc | Friction fit and vertebral endplate-preserving spinal implant |
US8562685B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant and integration plate for optimizing vertebral endplate contact load-bearing edges |
US8617248B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-12-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having variable ratios of the integration surface area to the axial passage area |
US8585766B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-19 | Titan Spine, Llc | Endplate-preserving spinal implant with an integration plate having durable connectors |
US11096796B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2021-08-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography on one or more internal surfaces |
US20120312779A1 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2012-12-13 | Titian Spine, LLC | Methods for manufacturing implants having integration surfaces |
US8992622B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-03-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Interbody spinal implant having a roughened surface topography |
US8814939B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-08-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants having three distinct surfaces |
US8551176B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-10-08 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having a passage for enhancing contact between bone graft material and cortical endplate bone |
US8435302B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-05-07 | Titan Spine, Llc | Instruments and interbody spinal implants enhancing disc space distraction |
US8403991B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-03-26 | Titan Spine Llc | Implant with critical ratio of load bearing surface area to central opening area |
US8262737B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2012-09-11 | Titan Spine, Llc | Composite interbody spinal implant having openings of predetermined size and shape |
US8758443B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2014-06-24 | Titan Spine, Llc | Implants with integration surfaces having regular repeating surface patterns |
US8591590B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2013-11-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Spinal implant having a transverse aperture |
EP1962914B1 (de) | 2005-11-14 | 2019-02-27 | Biomet 3i, LLC | Abscheidung von diskreten nanoteilchen auf einer implantatoberfläche |
NO20064595A (no) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-03-17 | Roella Gunnar | Titanimplantat og fremgangsmåte for fremstilling derav |
EP2079401B1 (de) | 2006-10-24 | 2019-05-22 | Biomet 3i, LLC | Ablagerung diskreter nanopartikel auf einer nanostrukturierten oberfläche eines implantats |
EP1915969A1 (de) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-04-30 | Straumann Holding AG | Dentalimplantat zur Abstützung einer Dentalprothese |
ES2310129B1 (es) | 2007-06-01 | 2009-10-02 | Juan Carlos Garcia Saban | Nueva superficie de implantes metalicos a base de titanio destinados a ser insertado en tejido oseo. |
EP2022447A1 (de) * | 2007-07-09 | 2009-02-11 | Astra Tech AB | Nanooberfläche |
ES2315194B1 (es) | 2007-09-10 | 2010-02-26 | Francisco J. GARCIA SABAN | Procedimiento para obtener una nueva superficie de un implante metalico a base de titanio destinado a ser insertado en tejido oseo. |
KR100920994B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-10-09 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | 마이크로그루브를 구비한 임플란트 및 그 제조방법 |
EP2240116B1 (de) | 2008-01-28 | 2015-07-01 | Biomet 3I, LLC | Implantatoberfläche mit erhöhter hydrophilie |
DE102008011963A1 (de) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-10 | Axel Cyron | Zahnimplantat und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
US20100292795A1 (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-18 | Jensen Ole T | Biomedical implant surface topography |
CH702192A1 (de) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-13 | New Dent Ag | Keramisches Implantat. |
US8641418B2 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2014-02-04 | Biomet 3I, Llc | Titanium nano-scale etching on an implant surface |
US8946082B2 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2015-02-03 | GlobalFoundries, Inc. | Methods for forming semiconductor devices |
US8992619B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2015-03-31 | Titan Spine, Llc | Microstructured implant surfaces |
ES2671740T3 (es) | 2012-03-20 | 2018-06-08 | Biomet 3I, Llc | Superficie de tratamiento para una superficie de implante |
AU2013235264B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2017-09-28 | Titan Spine, Inc. | Friction-fit spinal endplate and endplate-preserving method |
JP2013234358A (ja) | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 加工変質層の除去方法 |
US9168110B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2015-10-27 | Biomet 3I, Llc | Dental implant system having enhanced soft-tissue growth features |
EP2716261A1 (de) | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-09 | Titan Spine, LLC | Implantate mit selbsteinsetzenden Ankern |
US9498349B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 | 2016-11-22 | Titan Spine, Llc | Expandable spinal implant with expansion wedge and anchor |
CN103046054B (zh) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-09-16 | 江苏达胜加速器制造有限公司 | 一种钛金属表面处理工艺 |
KR101494758B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-02-23 | 주식회사 비앤메디 | 표면처리 및 은나노 코팅을 이용한 의료용 티타늄 차폐막의 제조 방법 |
ITPR20130068A1 (it) | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-14 | Borrozzino Carlo | Metodo per la preparazione di superfici di dispositivi di titanio-ceramica-zirconia impiantabili nel corpo umano o animale, avente risultato di rugosita' nanometrica, formazione di biossido di titanio superficiale autoindotto, elevata pulizia anti me |
US9615935B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2017-04-11 | Titan Spine, Llc | Thermally activated shape memory spring assemblies for implant expansion |
EP3128988B1 (de) | 2014-04-11 | 2019-12-25 | Biomet 3i, LLC | Implantat mit hoher primärer stabilität und beschleunigter sekundärer stabilität |
US10687956B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2020-06-23 | Titan Spine, Inc. | Corpectomy implants with roughened bioactive lateral surfaces |
US9605349B2 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2017-03-28 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Decreasing bacterial responses on nano-modified titanium |
GB2538736A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2016-11-30 | Straumann Holding Ag | Process for the preparation of a topography for improved blood coagulation and/or cell attachment on a body made of titanium or a titanium alloy |
CN104921825B (zh) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-06-06 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | 钛质种植体的表面处理方法 |
AU2016304871B2 (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2021-02-18 | Biomet 3I, Llc | Surface treatment for an implant surface |
US10426577B2 (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2019-10-01 | Biomet 3I, Llc | Surface treatment for an implant surface |
TWI726940B (zh) | 2015-11-20 | 2021-05-11 | 美商泰坦脊柱股份有限公司 | 積層製造整形外科植入物之方法 |
WO2017087944A1 (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-26 | Titan Spine, Llc | Processes for additively manufacturing orthopedic implants |
AU2017307558B2 (en) | 2016-08-03 | 2022-08-11 | Titan Spine, Inc. | Implant surfaces that enhance osteoinduction |
ES2786598T3 (es) * | 2016-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Straumann Holding Ag | Proceso para preparar un cuerpo que tiene una topografía osteointegrativa formada en su superficie |
US10478311B2 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2019-11-19 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Medical devices including titanium surface treatment |
EP3823552B1 (de) | 2018-07-16 | 2023-03-15 | Biomet 3I, LLC | Oberflächenbehandlung für eine implantatoberfläche |
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-
2004
- 2004-05-12 US US10/843,916 patent/US8251700B2/en active Active
- 2004-05-14 CA CA2467320A patent/CA2467320C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2004-05-14 DE DE602004007427T patent/DE602004007427T3/de active Active
- 2004-05-14 EP EP04011563A patent/EP1477141B2/de active Active
- 2004-05-17 KR KR1020040034918A patent/KR101106158B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2467320A1 (en) | 2004-11-16 |
EP1477141B1 (de) | 2007-07-11 |
KR101106158B1 (ko) | 2012-01-20 |
US10227697B2 (en) | 2019-03-12 |
US11015253B2 (en) | 2021-05-25 |
DE602004007427T2 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
KR20040099176A (ko) | 2004-11-26 |
US20190292666A1 (en) | 2019-09-26 |
EP1477141A1 (de) | 2004-11-17 |
EP1477141B2 (de) | 2010-12-08 |
CA2467320C (en) | 2010-02-09 |
JP2004337616A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
JP4781639B2 (ja) | 2011-09-28 |
DE602004007427T3 (de) | 2011-04-21 |
US20040265780A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
ATE366558T1 (de) | 2007-08-15 |
US8251700B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
US20120288828A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
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