EP0610113A1 - Dental handpiece - Google Patents

Dental handpiece Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0610113A1
EP0610113A1 EP94400160A EP94400160A EP0610113A1 EP 0610113 A1 EP0610113 A1 EP 0610113A1 EP 94400160 A EP94400160 A EP 94400160A EP 94400160 A EP94400160 A EP 94400160A EP 0610113 A1 EP0610113 A1 EP 0610113A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
housing
lever
place
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP94400160A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Peltier
Guy Peltier
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0610113A1 publication Critical patent/EP0610113A1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/02Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design characterised by the drive of the dental tools
    • A61C1/05Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design characterised by the drive of the dental tools with turbine drive
    • A61C1/052Ducts for supplying driving or cooling fluid, e.g. air, water
    • A61C1/055Ducts for supplying driving or cooling fluid, e.g. air, water through the working tool, e.g. hollow burr

Definitions

  • the invention relates to tools for driving tools, called “contra-angles", which are used in bone surgery, in particular in dental surgery.
  • training devices comprising a tubular housing inside which can rotate, at least approximately at right angles to one of the other, a motor shaft and a hollow tool holder which is connected to the motor shaft by a bevel gear and to which can be successively adapted also hollow tools each provided with a shoulder, a rigid liquid supply tube being placed inside the tool holder so as to communicate with the inside of the tool in place by means of an orifice at the top of the latter and this tool being adapted to the tool holder using a locking device cooperating with an annular groove formed in the upper part of the tool and generally comprising a lever which protrudes from the housing opposite the outlet location of the tool , the drive apparatus being intended to be grasped by the operator by the part of its housing which surrounds the motor shaft.
  • the "upper part” of the tool is called the part by which it penetrates inside the housing and “lower part” is its opposite or active part although the apparatus can be used. whatever its orientation.
  • the upper part of the tool is provided externally with the above annular groove and it is opened axially by an inlet orifice through which the liquid supply tube penetrates and which is generally flared in a truncated cone .
  • the upper part of the tool, by which it is introduced into the housing has a diameter smaller than that of the body of the tool, which shows the abovementioned shoulder between the tool in place and the part of the housing through which this tool emerges.
  • Such a drive device is often called a "contra-angle" since its tool holder and consequently the tool itself are arranged at right angles to the motor shaft and to the part of the housing which is entered by the operator.
  • the liquid supply tube is used to circulate inside the tool a cooling and / or antiseptic liquid (physiological saline) which escapes through one or more holes, formed on the side wall of the tool. and / or on the end of the lower part thereof.
  • a cooling and / or antiseptic liquid physiological saline
  • the liquid directed by the feeding tube towards the tool and the patient's blood going up in the opposite direction may penetrate inside the device and consequently contaminate and damage, in particular by oxidation, the elements in stainless steel, rubber, or plastic in the housing of this device.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks by providing the apparatus with secure sealing members which automatically come into action each time a tool is put in place, without requiring the operator to pay particular attention and dexterity. .
  • the drive device is essentially characterized in that the liquid supply tube is surrounded, between the location of the upper part of the tool and a stop which is integral with the supply tube at least when a tool is locked on the device, a sealing pipe made of elastic material whose length is such that, when a tool is in place, this pipe is slightly compressed between the above stop and the inlet opening of the tool and / or in that a sealing sleeve of elastic material is adapted to the housing of the device so as to be compressed between the housing and the shoulder of the tool in place.
  • the drive apparatus comprises a tubular housing 1 inside which can rotate, at right angles to each other, a motor shaft 2 and a hollow tool holder 3 which is mounted on ball bearings 4 and which is connected to the drive shaft 2 by a bevel gear 5.
  • the drive shaft 2 is rotated by means (not shown, located to the right of the frame of the figure) such as an air motor.
  • Hollow tools such as tool 6, the upper part of which is only shown, can be adapted successively to the tool holder 3, depending on the nature of the work to be carried out.
  • a liquid supply tube 7 is placed inside the tool holder 3 and the upper part of the tool in place 6 so as to communicate with the inside of this tool and enters it by means of the 'through an orifice 8, formed in the upper part of this tool 6.
  • this orifice 8 is flared in a truncated cone.
  • the tool 6 is adapted to the tool holder 3 by means of a locking device cooperating with an annular groove 9 formed in the upper part of the tool 6.
  • This locking device comprises a lever 10 which projects from the upper part of the housing 1, that is to say opposite the location of the tool 6.
  • the lever 10 can pivot coaxially with respect to the tool holder 3 so as to cause the latches 11 to penetrate into the groove 9 or to bring them out.
  • the latches 11 When the latches 11 are engaged in the groove 9, they allow the tool 6 to be driven in rotation while preventing it from moving axially relative to the housing 1 and the lever 10 is then immobilized relative to the housing 1
  • the latches 11 When the latches 11 are extracted from the groove 9 by rotation of the lever 10, they make it possible to extract the tool 6 which is in place axially downwards, then to install a new tool 6 by an axial movement in the opposite direction, after which the lever 10 is returned to its locking position.
  • the locking means which have just been described briefly are known and may moreover, in the context of the invention, be replaced by other locking means of types also known, an example of which will be described briefly below.
  • the device can be grabbed by the part 12 of the housing 1 which surrounds the motor shaft 2, so as to allow the operator to work in places which are not accessible in the axis of the motor shaft 2, in particular inside the oral cavity, the tool 6 then being oriented downward or upward depending on whether it is to operate on the lower or upper jaw.
  • each tool 6 by which it is introduced into the housing 1, has a diameter smaller than that of the body 14 of the tool, which gives rise to a shoulder 15 between the tool 6 in place and the part of the housing 1 through which this tool 6 emerges.
  • liquid is likely to penetrate inside the housing 1, on the one hand, by going up in the operating clearance which is necessary between the external surface of the tube 7 (non-rotating element) and the internal surface of the longitudinal cavity 16 of the tool 6 (rotary element), whatever the orientation of the device and, on the other hand, flowing along the outer surface 17 of the tool 6, mainly when the apparatus is oriented so that the tool 6 works upwards.
  • the tube 7 is surrounded, between the location of the upper part 13 of the tool 6 (that is to say between the orifice 8 of the tool once put in place) and a stop 18 which is integral with the tube 7 at least when the tool is locked on the device, a sealing pipe 19 of elastic material whose length is such that, when a tool 6 is in place, this pipe 19 either slightly compressed between the stop 18 and the inlet orifice 8 of the tool 6.
  • a sealing sleeve 20 made of material elastic is adapted to the housing 1 so as to be compressed between the latter and the shoulder 15 of the tool 6 in place.
  • the stop 18 is constituted by the free curved end of the lever 10, which can pivot relative to the housing 1 during the locking and unlocking operations but is made integral with the housing in locking position.
  • the locking device comprises a lever (or lamella) 10 which can pivot around an axis parallel to the axis of the tool holder 3 but offset transversely with respect to this latter axis and which, in its locking position for which a forked end of this lever partially surrounds the groove 9, is immobilized by a clip secured to the tube 7.
  • the stop 18 is advantageously constituted by this clip.
  • a sleeve 20 can be supplied with each tool 6.
  • the sleeve 20 can be fixed to the lower face 21, generally planar, of the housing 1.
  • the sleeve 20 preferably comprises a flexible outer lip 22.
  • a sealing system is thus obtained, the operation of which is as follows.
  • the wall of its orifice 8 comes to automatically adapt to the corresponding end of the pipe 19, by pushing the latter the along the tube 7 up to the stop 18.
  • the sleeve 20 is automatically compressed between the shoulder 15 of the tool 6 and the face 21 of the housing 1.
  • the pipe 19 compresses and increases in diameter by fitting tightly to the orifice 8; this prevents liquids which rise along the operating clearance between the outer surface of the tube 7 and the inner surface of the longitudinal cavity 16 of the tool 6, from entering the device by exiting through the gap existing between the tube 7 and the orifice 8. Furthermore, the sleeve 20, the body of which is compressed between the two rotary elements 3 and 6 (15), has its lip 22 which is applied against the face 21 of the housing 1.
  • the sleeve 20 and its lip 22 are advantageously made of Viton, silicone or similar material, resistant to the usual sterilization temperatures (of the order of 120 to 220 ° C). Disassembly of the device for cleaning becomes optional or at least should only be done after much longer periods of use than with usual devices, sterilization and lubrication operations should therefore generally suffice.

Abstract

Improvement to drive devices called "contra-angles", for rotary tools used in bone surgery, especially in dental surgery. In a device for driving tools used in bone surgery, especially in dental surgery, the liquid feed tube (7) is surrounded, between the location of the upper part (13) of the tool (6) and an end stop (18) which is solidly fixed to the feed tube (7), at least when a tool (6) is locked onto the apparatus, by a sealing pipe (19) made of elastic material, whose length is such that, when a tool (6) is in place, this pipe (19) is slightly compressed between the abovementioned end stop (18) and the inlet orifice (8) of the tool (6), and a sealing sleeve (20), made of elastic material, is fitted to the casing (1) of the apparatus so as to be compressed between the casing (1) and the shoulder (15) of the tool (6) which is in place. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention est relative aux appareils d'entraînement d'outils, dits "contre-angles, qui sont utilisés en chirurgie osseuse, notamment en chirurgie dentaire.The invention relates to tools for driving tools, called "contra-angles", which are used in bone surgery, in particular in dental surgery.

Pour entraîner des outils rotatifs (tels que forets, aléseurs, fraises) utilisés en chirurgie osseuse, on connaît des appareils d'entraînement comprenant un boîtier tubulaire à l'intérieur duquel peuvent tourner, au moins approximativement à angle droit l'un de l'autre, un arbre moteur et un porte-outil creux qui est relié à l'arbre moteur par un renvoi d'angle et auquel peuvent être adaptés successivement des outils également creux munis chacun d'un épaulement, un tube rigide d'alimentation en liquide étant placé à l'intérieur du porte-outil de façon à communiquer avec l'intérieur de l'outil en place par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice ménagé à la partie supérieure de celui-ci et cet outil étant adapté au porte-outil à l'aide d'un dispositif de verrouillage coopérant avec une gorge annulaire ménagée à la partie supérieure de l'outil et comprenant en général un levier qui fait saillie sur le boîtier à l'opposé de l'emplacement de sortie de l'outil, l'appareil d'entraînement étant destiné à être saisi par l'opérateur par la partie de son boîtier qui entoure l'arbre moteur.To drive rotary tools (such as drills, reamers, cutters) used in bone surgery, there are known training devices comprising a tubular housing inside which can rotate, at least approximately at right angles to one of the other, a motor shaft and a hollow tool holder which is connected to the motor shaft by a bevel gear and to which can be successively adapted also hollow tools each provided with a shoulder, a rigid liquid supply tube being placed inside the tool holder so as to communicate with the inside of the tool in place by means of an orifice at the top of the latter and this tool being adapted to the tool holder using a locking device cooperating with an annular groove formed in the upper part of the tool and generally comprising a lever which protrudes from the housing opposite the outlet location of the tool , the drive apparatus being intended to be grasped by the operator by the part of its housing which surrounds the motor shaft.

Il est à noter qu'une fois un outil adapté à l'appareil, le levier du dispositif de verrouillage est immobilisé par rapport au boîtier.It should be noted that once a tool has been adapted to the appliance, the lever of the locking device is immobilized relative to the housing.

Pour faciliter la description, on appelle, dans ce contexte, "partie supérieure" de l'outil la partie par laquelle il pénètre à l'intérieur du boîtier et "partie inférieure" sa partie opposée ou active bien que l'appareil puisse être utilisé quelle que soit son orientation. Comme on le sait, la partie supérieure de l'outil est munie extérieurement de la susdite gorge annulaire et elle est ouverte axialement par un orifice d'entrée par lequel pénètre le tube d'alimentation en liquide et qui est généralement évasé en tronc de cône. De plus, la partie supérieure de l'outil, par laquelle celui-ci est introduit dans le boîtier, a un diamètre inférieur à celui du corps de l'outil, ce qui fait apparaître le susdit épaulement entre l'outil en place et la partie du boîtier par laquelle cet outil émerge.To facilitate the description, in this context, the "upper part" of the tool is called the part by which it penetrates inside the housing and "lower part" is its opposite or active part although the apparatus can be used. whatever its orientation. As is known, the upper part of the tool is provided externally with the above annular groove and it is opened axially by an inlet orifice through which the liquid supply tube penetrates and which is generally flared in a truncated cone . In addition, the upper part of the tool, by which it is introduced into the housing, has a diameter smaller than that of the body of the tool, which shows the abovementioned shoulder between the tool in place and the part of the housing through which this tool emerges.

On appelle souvent "contre-angle" un tel appareil d'entraînement étant donné que son porte-outil et par conséquent l'outil lui-même sont disposés à angle droit par rapport à l'arbre moteur et à la partie du boîtier qui est saisie par l'opérateur.Such a drive device is often called a "contra-angle" since its tool holder and consequently the tool itself are arranged at right angles to the motor shaft and to the part of the housing which is entered by the operator.

Le tube d'alimentation en liquide est utilisé pour faire circuler à l'intérieur de l'outil un liquide refroidissant et/ou antiseptique (sérum physiologique) qui s'échappe par un ou plusieurs trous, ménagés sur la paroi latérale de l'outil et/ou sur l'extrémité de la partie inférieure de celui-ci.The liquid supply tube is used to circulate inside the tool a cooling and / or antiseptic liquid (physiological saline) which escapes through one or more holes, formed on the side wall of the tool. and / or on the end of the lower part thereof.

Le liquide dirigé par le tube d'alimentation vers l'outil et le sang du patient remontant en sens inverse risquent de pénétrer à l'intérieur de l'appareil et par conséquent de souiller et d'endommager, notamment par oxydation, les éléments en acier inoxydable, caoutchouc ou matière plastique que contient le boîtier de cet appareil.The liquid directed by the feeding tube towards the tool and the patient's blood going up in the opposite direction may penetrate inside the device and consequently contaminate and damage, in particular by oxidation, the elements in stainless steel, rubber, or plastic in the housing of this device.

Comme l'intérieur de ce boîtier n'est accessible qu'après des opérations de démontage qui sont jugées fastidieuses par les opérateurs ou leurs assistants, son état de propreté est parfois douteux et il est malaisé d'y maintenir les conditions d'hygiène et d'entretien indispensables.As the interior of this box is only accessible after dismantling operations which are considered tedious by the operators or their assistants, its state of cleanliness is sometimes questionable and it is difficult to maintain hygienic and essential maintenance.

L'invention a pour but d'éliminer ces inconvénients en dotant l'appareil d'organes d'étanchéité sûrs et entrant automatiquement en action à chaque mise en place d'un outil, sans nécessiter de l'opérateur une attention et une dextérité particulières.The object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks by providing the apparatus with secure sealing members which automatically come into action each time a tool is put in place, without requiring the operator to pay particular attention and dexterity. .

A cet effet, l'appareil d'entraînement conforme à l'invention est essentiellement caractérisé en ce que le tube d'alimentation en liquide est entouré, entre l'emplacement de la partie supérieure de l'outil et une butée qui est solidaire du tube d'alimentation au moins lorsqu'un outil est verrouillé sur l'appareil, d'un tuyau d'étanchéité en matière élastique dont la longueur est telle que, lorsqu'un outil est en place, ce tuyau soit légèrement comprimé entre la susdite butée et l'orifice d'entrée de l'outil et/ou en ce qu'un manchon d'étanchéité en matière élastique est adapté au boîtier de l'appareil de façon à être comprimé entre le boîtier et l'épaulement de l'outil en place.To this end, the drive device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the liquid supply tube is surrounded, between the location of the upper part of the tool and a stop which is integral with the supply tube at least when a tool is locked on the device, a sealing pipe made of elastic material whose length is such that, when a tool is in place, this pipe is slightly compressed between the above stop and the inlet opening of the tool and / or in that a sealing sleeve of elastic material is adapted to the housing of the device so as to be compressed between the housing and the shoulder of the tool in place.

L'invention va être exposée plus en détail à l'aide de la figure unique annexée qui représente, en coupe schématique à grande échelle, un appareil conforme à l'invention.The invention will be explained in more detail using the attached single figure which shows, in large-scale schematic section, an apparatus according to the invention.

Comme le montre la figure 1, l'appareil d'entraînement comprend un boîtier tubulaire 1 à l'intérieur duquel peuvent tourner, à angle droit l'un de l'autre, un arbre moteur 2 et un porte-outil creux 3 qui est monté sur des roulements à billes 4 et qui est relié à l'arbre moteur 2 par un renvoi d'angle 5. L'arbre moteur 2 est entraîné en rotation par des moyens (non montrés, situés à droite du cadre de la figure) tels qu'un moteur pneumatique. Des outils creux tels que l'outil 6, dont la partie supérieure est seule représentée, peuvent être adaptés successivement au porte-outil 3, selon la nature des travaux à effectuer. Un tube d'alimentation en liquide 7 est placé à l'intérieur du porte-outil 3 et de la partie supérieure de l'outil en place 6 de façon à communiquer avec l'intérieur de cet outil et pénètre dans celui-ci par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice 8, ménagé à la partie supérieure de cet outil 6. En général, cet orifice 8 est évasé en tronc de cône.As shown in Figure 1, the drive apparatus comprises a tubular housing 1 inside which can rotate, at right angles to each other, a motor shaft 2 and a hollow tool holder 3 which is mounted on ball bearings 4 and which is connected to the drive shaft 2 by a bevel gear 5. The drive shaft 2 is rotated by means (not shown, located to the right of the frame of the figure) such as an air motor. Hollow tools such as tool 6, the upper part of which is only shown, can be adapted successively to the tool holder 3, depending on the nature of the work to be carried out. A liquid supply tube 7 is placed inside the tool holder 3 and the upper part of the tool in place 6 so as to communicate with the inside of this tool and enters it by means of the 'through an orifice 8, formed in the upper part of this tool 6. In general, this orifice 8 is flared in a truncated cone.

L'outil 6 est adapté au porte-outil 3 à l'aide d'un dispositif de verrouillage coopérant avec une gorge annulaire 9 ménagée à la partie supérieure de l'outil 6. Ce dispositif de verrouillage comprend un levier 10 qui fait saillie sur la partie supérieure du boîtier 1, c'est-à-dire à l'opposé de l'emplacement de l'outil 6.The tool 6 is adapted to the tool holder 3 by means of a locking device cooperating with an annular groove 9 formed in the upper part of the tool 6. This locking device comprises a lever 10 which projects from the upper part of the housing 1, that is to say opposite the location of the tool 6.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté schématiquement, le levier 10 peut pivoter coaxialement par rapport au porte-outil 3 de façon à faire pénétrer des verrous 11 dans la gorge 9 ou de les en faire sortir. Lorsque les verrous 11 sont engagés dans la gorge 9, ils permettent à l'outil 6 d'être entraîné en rotation tout en l'empêchant de se déplacer axialement par rapport au boîtier 1 et le levier 10 est alors immobilisé par rapport au boîtier 1. Lorsque les verrous 11 sont extraits de la gorge 9 par rotation du levier 10, ils permettent d'extraire axialement vers le bas l'outil 6 qui est en place, puis de poser un nouvel outil 6 par un mouvement axial en sens inverse, après quoi le levier 10 est remis à sa position de verrouillage. Les moyens de verrouillage qui viennent d'être décrits brièvement sont connus et peuvent d'ailleurs, dans le cadre de l'invention, être remplacés par d'autres moyens de verrouillage de types également connus dont un exemple sera décrit brièvement ci-après.In the embodiment shown diagrammatically, the lever 10 can pivot coaxially with respect to the tool holder 3 so as to cause the latches 11 to penetrate into the groove 9 or to bring them out. When the latches 11 are engaged in the groove 9, they allow the tool 6 to be driven in rotation while preventing it from moving axially relative to the housing 1 and the lever 10 is then immobilized relative to the housing 1 When the latches 11 are extracted from the groove 9 by rotation of the lever 10, they make it possible to extract the tool 6 which is in place axially downwards, then to install a new tool 6 by an axial movement in the opposite direction, after which the lever 10 is returned to its locking position. The locking means which have just been described briefly are known and may moreover, in the context of the invention, be replaced by other locking means of types also known, an example of which will be described briefly below.

Comme on le sait, l'appareil peut être saisi par la partie 12 du boîtier 1 qui entoure l'arbre moteur 2, de façon à permettre à l'opérateur de travailler dans des endroits qui ne sont pas accessibles dans l'axe de l'arbre moteur 2, en particulier à l'intérieur de la cavité buccale, l'outil 6 étant alors orienté vers le bas ou vers le haut selon qu'il s'agit d'opérer sur la mâchoire inférieure ou supérieure.As we know, the device can be grabbed by the part 12 of the housing 1 which surrounds the motor shaft 2, so as to allow the operator to work in places which are not accessible in the axis of the motor shaft 2, in particular inside the oral cavity, the tool 6 then being oriented downward or upward depending on whether it is to operate on the lower or upper jaw.

De façon usuelle, la partie supérieure 13 de chaque outil 6, par laquelle il est introduit dans le boîtier 1, a un diamètre inférieur à celui du corps 14 de l'outil, ce qui fait apparaître un épaulement 15 entre l'outil 6 en place et la partie du boîtier 1 par laquelle cet outil 6 émerge.Usually, the upper part 13 of each tool 6, by which it is introduced into the housing 1, has a diameter smaller than that of the body 14 of the tool, which gives rise to a shoulder 15 between the tool 6 in place and the part of the housing 1 through which this tool 6 emerges.

Dans les appareils connus, du liquide risque de pénétrer à l'intérieur du boîtier 1, d'une part, en remontant dans le jeu de fonctionnement qui est nécessaire entre la surface extérieure du tube 7 (élément non rotatif) et la surface intérieure de la cavité longitudinale 16 de l'outil 6 (élément rotatif), quelle que soit l'orientation de l'appareil et, d'autre part, en s'écoulant le long de la surface extérieure 17 de l'outil 6, principalement lorsque l'appareil est orienté de façon que l'outil 6 travaille vers le haut.In known devices, liquid is likely to penetrate inside the housing 1, on the one hand, by going up in the operating clearance which is necessary between the external surface of the tube 7 (non-rotating element) and the internal surface of the longitudinal cavity 16 of the tool 6 (rotary element), whatever the orientation of the device and, on the other hand, flowing along the outer surface 17 of the tool 6, mainly when the apparatus is oriented so that the tool 6 works upwards.

Ainsi qu'il a été expliqué ci-dessus, cette pénétration de liquide constitue un inconvénient majeur auquel l'invention remédie de façon simple.As explained above, this penetration of liquid constitutes a major drawback which the invention remedies in a simple manner.

A cet effet, le tube 7 est entouré, entre l'emplacement de la partie supérieure 13 de l'outil 6 (c'est-à-dire entre l'orifice 8 de l'outil une fois mis en place) et une butée 18 qui est solidaire du tube 7 au moins lorsque l'outil est verrouillé sur l'appareil, d'un tuyau d'étanchéité 19 en matière élastique dont la longueur est telle que, lorsqu'un outil 6 est en place, ce tuyau 19 soit légèrement comprimé entre la butée 18 et l'orifice d'entrée 8 de l'outil 6.For this purpose, the tube 7 is surrounded, between the location of the upper part 13 of the tool 6 (that is to say between the orifice 8 of the tool once put in place) and a stop 18 which is integral with the tube 7 at least when the tool is locked on the device, a sealing pipe 19 of elastic material whose length is such that, when a tool 6 is in place, this pipe 19 either slightly compressed between the stop 18 and the inlet orifice 8 of the tool 6.

De plus, un manchon d'étanchéité 20 en matière élastique est adapté au boîtier 1 de façon à être comprimé entre ce dernier et l'épaulement 15 de l'outil 6 en place.In addition, a sealing sleeve 20 made of material elastic is adapted to the housing 1 so as to be compressed between the latter and the shoulder 15 of the tool 6 in place.

Selon le mode de réalisation décrit à titre d'exemple, la butée 18 est constituée par l'extrémité libre recourbée du levier 10, lequel peut pivoter par rapport au boîtier 1 lors des opérations de verrouillage et de déverrouillage mais est rendu solidaire du boîtier en position de verrouillage. Selon une variante (non représentée), le dispositif de verrouillage comprend un levier (ou lamelle) 10 qui peut pivoter autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe du porte-outil 3 mais décalé transversalement par rapport à ce dernier axe et qui, dans sa position de verrouillage pour laquelle une extrémité fourchue de ce levier vient entourer partiellement la gorge 9, est immobilisé par un clips solidaire du tube 7. Dans ce cas, la butée 18 est avantageusement constitué par ce clips.According to the embodiment described by way of example, the stop 18 is constituted by the free curved end of the lever 10, which can pivot relative to the housing 1 during the locking and unlocking operations but is made integral with the housing in locking position. According to a variant (not shown), the locking device comprises a lever (or lamella) 10 which can pivot around an axis parallel to the axis of the tool holder 3 but offset transversely with respect to this latter axis and which, in its locking position for which a forked end of this lever partially surrounds the groove 9, is immobilized by a clip secured to the tube 7. In this case, the stop 18 is advantageously constituted by this clip.

Un manchon 20 peut être fourni avec chaque outil 6. En variante, le manchon 20 peut être fixé à la face inférieure 21, en général plane, du boîtier 1. De toute façon, le manchon 20 comporte de préférence une lèvre extérieure souple 22.A sleeve 20 can be supplied with each tool 6. As a variant, the sleeve 20 can be fixed to the lower face 21, generally planar, of the housing 1. In any case, the sleeve 20 preferably comprises a flexible outer lip 22.

On obtient ainsi un système d'étanchéité dont le fonctionnement est le suivant. Lorsqu'on met en place un outil 6, en l'introduisant dans l'appareil par le bas de la figure, la paroi de son orifice 8 vient s'adapter automatiquement à l'extrémité correspondante du tuyau 19, en poussant ce dernier le long du tube 7 jusqu'à la butée 18. En même temps, le manchon 20 est comprimé automatiquement entre l'épaulement 15 de l'outil 6 et la face 21 du boîtier 1. Une fois l'outil 6 mis en place, il suffit, comme avec un appareil usuel, de mettre en action le dispositif de verrouillage par rotation du levier 10, ce qui (dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté) engage les verrous 11 dans la gorge 9.A sealing system is thus obtained, the operation of which is as follows. When a tool 6 is put in place, by introducing it into the device from the bottom of the figure, the wall of its orifice 8 comes to automatically adapt to the corresponding end of the pipe 19, by pushing the latter the along the tube 7 up to the stop 18. At the same time, the sleeve 20 is automatically compressed between the shoulder 15 of the tool 6 and the face 21 of the housing 1. Once the tool 6 is in place, it It suffices, as with a conventional device, to activate the locking device by rotation of the lever 10, which (in the embodiment shown) engages the latches 11 in the groove 9.

En raison de la poussée qu'il subit, le tuyau 19 se comprime et augmente de diamètre en s'adaptant hermétiquement à l'orifice 8 ; ceci empêche les liquides qui remontent le long du jeu de fonctionnement entre la surface extérieure du tube 7 et la surface intérieure de la cavité longitudinale 16 de l'outil 6, de pénétrer dans l'appareil en sortant par l'interstice existant entre le tube 7 et l'orifice 8. Par ailleurs, le manchon 20, dont le corps est comprimé entre les deux éléments rotatifs 3 et 6 (15), a sa lèvre 22 qui s'applique contre la face 21 du boîtier 1. Lorsque l'appareil est utilisé de façon que l'outil 6 soit dirigé vers le haut, le liquide qui s'écoule le long de la surface extérieure 17 de l'outil 6 (vers le bas en position d'utilisation, c'est-à-dire vers le haut de la figure) est empêché de pénétrer dans l'appareil par l'interstice existant entre la partie 13 de l'outil 6 et le porte-outil 3.Due to the thrust it undergoes, the pipe 19 compresses and increases in diameter by fitting tightly to the orifice 8; this prevents liquids which rise along the operating clearance between the outer surface of the tube 7 and the inner surface of the longitudinal cavity 16 of the tool 6, from entering the device by exiting through the gap existing between the tube 7 and the orifice 8. Furthermore, the sleeve 20, the body of which is compressed between the two rotary elements 3 and 6 (15), has its lip 22 which is applied against the face 21 of the housing 1. When the device is used so that the tool 6 is directed upwards, the liquid flowing along the external surface 17 of the tool 6 (downwards in the position of use, that is to say say upwards of the figure) is prevented from entering the device through the gap existing between the part 13 of the tool 6 and the tool holder 3.

Le manchon 20 et sa lèvre 22 sont avantageusement faits de Viton, silicone ou matière analogue, résistant aux températures de stérilisation usuelles (de l'ordre de 120 à 220°C). Le démontage de l'appareil pour son nettoyage devient facultatif ou tout au moins ne doit plus se faire qu'après des périodes d'utilisation beaucoup plus longues qu'avec les appareils usuels, les opérations de stérilisation et graissage devant donc suffire en général.The sleeve 20 and its lip 22 are advantageously made of Viton, silicone or similar material, resistant to the usual sterilization temperatures (of the order of 120 to 220 ° C). Disassembly of the device for cleaning becomes optional or at least should only be done after much longer periods of use than with usual devices, sterilization and lubrication operations should therefore generally suffice.

Claims (6)

Appareil d'entraînement d'outils utilisé en chirurgie osseuse, notamment en chirurgie dentaire, et comprenant un boîtier tubulaire (1) à l'intérieur duquel peuvent tourner, au moins approximativement à angle droit l'un de l'autre, un arbre moteur (2) et un porte-outil creux (3) qui est relié à l'arbre moteur (2) par un renvoi d'angle (5) et auquel peuvent être adaptés successivement des outils (6) également creux munis chacun d'un épaulement (15), un tube rigide d'alimentation en liquide (7) étant placé à l'intérieur du porte-outil (3) de façon à communiquer avec l'intérieur de l'outil (6) en place par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice (8) ménagé à la partie supérieure de celui-ci et cet outil (6) étant adapté au porte-outil (3) à l'aide d'un dispositif de verrouillage coopérant avec une gorge annulaire (9) ménagée à la partie supérieure de l'outil (6) et comprenant en général un levier (10) qui fait saillie sur le boîtier (1) à l'opposé de l'emplacement de sortie de l'outil (6), l'appareil d'entraînement étant destiné à être saisi par l'opérateur par la partie (12) de son boîtier (1) qui entoure l'arbre moteur (2), caractérisé en ce que le tube d'alimentation en liquide (7) est entouré, entre l'emplacement de la partie supérieure (13) de l'outil (6) et une butée (18) qui est solidaire du tube d'alimentation (7) au moins lorsqu'un outil (6) est verrouillé sur l'appareil, d'un tuyau d'étanchéité (19) en matière élastique dont la longueur est telle que, lorsqu'un outil (6) est en place, ce tuyau (19) soit légèrement comprimé entre la susdite butée (18) et l'orifice d'entrée (8) de l'outil (6) et/ou en ce qu'un manchon d'étanchéité (20) en matière élastique est adapté au boîtier (1) de l'appareil de façon à être comprimé entre le boîtier (1) et l'épaulement (15) de l'outil (6) en place.Tool driving apparatus used in bone surgery, in particular in dental surgery, and comprising a tubular housing (1) inside which a motor shaft can rotate, at least approximately at right angles to each other (2) and a hollow tool holder (3) which is connected to the motor shaft (2) by an angle gear (5) and to which can be successively adapted tools (6) also hollow each provided with a shoulder (15), a rigid liquid supply tube (7) being placed inside the tool holder (3) so as to communicate with the inside of the tool (6) in place via an orifice (8) formed at the upper part thereof and this tool (6) being adapted to the tool holder (3) by means of a locking device cooperating with an annular groove (9) formed at the upper part of the tool (6) and generally comprising a lever (10) which projects from the housing (1) opposite the location of the tool (6), the drive device being intended to be grasped by the operator by the part (12) of its housing (1) which surrounds the motor shaft (2), characterized in that that the liquid supply tube (7) is surrounded, between the location of the upper part (13) of the tool (6) and a stop (18) which is integral with the supply tube (7) at the less when a tool (6) is locked on the apparatus, of a sealing pipe (19) of elastic material whose length is such that, when a tool (6) is in place, this pipe (19 ) is slightly compressed between the abovementioned stop (18) and the inlet orifice (8) of the tool (6) and / or in that a sealing sleeve (20) made of elastic material is adapted to the housing (1) of the device so as to be compressed between the housing (1) and the shoulder (15) of the tool (6) in place. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dont le levier (10) du dispositif de verrouillage est capable de pivoter coaxialement par rapport au porte-outil (3) de façon à faire pénétrer des verrous (11) dans la gorge (9), ou de les en faire sortir, le levier (10) étant immobilisé par rapport au boîtier (1) lorsque les verrous (11) sont engagés dans la gorge (9), caractérisé en ce que la susdite butée (18) est constituée par l'extrémité libre recourbée du levier (10).Apparatus according to claim 1, the lever of which (10) of the locking device is capable of pivoting coaxially with respect to the tool holder (3) so as to make latches (11) penetrate into the groove (9), or bring them out, the lever (10) being immobilized relative to the housing (1) when the latches (11) are engaged in the groove (9), characterized in that the said abutment (18) is constituted by the free curved end of the lever (10). Appareil selon la revendication 1 dont le levier (10) du dispositif de verrouillage est capable de pivoter autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe du porte-outil (3) mais décalé transversalement par rapport à ce dernier axe et qui est immobilisé en position de verrouillage par un clips solidaire du tube (7), caractérisé en ce que la susdite butée (18) est constituée par ce clips.Apparatus according to claim 1, the lever (10) of the locking device is capable of pivoting about an axis parallel to the axis of the tool holder (3) but offset transversely relative to the latter axis and which is immobilized in locking position by a clip integral with the tube (7), characterized in that the abovementioned stop (18) is constituted by this clips. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le manchon (20) comporte une lèvre extérieure souple (22) coopérant avec une face (21) du boîtier (1).Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sleeve (20) has a flexible outer lip (22) cooperating with a face (21) of the housing (1). Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le manchon (20) et sa lèvre éventuelle (22) sont faits d'une matière résistant aux températures de stérilisation usuelles.Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sleeve (20) and its optional lip (22) are made of a material resistant to the usual sterilization temperatures. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le manchon (20) est fixé au boîtier (1).Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sleeve (20) is fixed to the housing (1).
EP94400160A 1993-02-01 1994-01-25 Dental handpiece Withdrawn EP0610113A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9301030 1993-02-01
FR9301030A FR2700942A1 (en) 1993-02-01 1993-02-01 Improvement of training devices, called "contra-angles", for rotary tools used in bone surgery, in particular in dental surgery.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0610113A1 true EP0610113A1 (en) 1994-08-10

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EP94400160A Withdrawn EP0610113A1 (en) 1993-02-01 1994-01-25 Dental handpiece

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EP (1) EP0610113A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2114299A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2700942A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0745357A1 (en) * 1995-05-31 1996-12-04 Nakanishi Inc. Dental handpiece with central injection of cooling fluid
EP2226032A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-08 Nakanishi Inc. Dental handpiece of center-injection type

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102648873B (en) * 2011-02-28 2014-10-22 苏州大学 Engine bit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3136059A (en) * 1961-05-24 1964-06-09 Milton E Nelson Dental handpiece
US4021920A (en) * 1973-06-18 1977-05-10 Horst Kirschner Drilling or milling apparatus for the working of live bone, particularly for dentistry
EP0374276A1 (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-27 Matsutani Seisakusho Co. Ltd., Dental burr and dental handpiece
US5096421A (en) * 1989-10-16 1992-03-17 Seney John S Dental bur cooling system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3136059A (en) * 1961-05-24 1964-06-09 Milton E Nelson Dental handpiece
US4021920A (en) * 1973-06-18 1977-05-10 Horst Kirschner Drilling or milling apparatus for the working of live bone, particularly for dentistry
EP0374276A1 (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-27 Matsutani Seisakusho Co. Ltd., Dental burr and dental handpiece
US5096421A (en) * 1989-10-16 1992-03-17 Seney John S Dental bur cooling system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0745357A1 (en) * 1995-05-31 1996-12-04 Nakanishi Inc. Dental handpiece with central injection of cooling fluid
US5816803A (en) * 1995-05-31 1998-10-06 Nakanishi, Inc. Water injection type dental handpiece
EP2226032A1 (en) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-08 Nakanishi Inc. Dental handpiece of center-injection type

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2114299A1 (en) 1994-08-02
FR2700942A1 (en) 1994-08-05

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