Daphne cneorum
| Daphne cneorum | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Thymelaeaceae |
| Genus: | Daphne |
| Species: | D. cneorum
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| Binomial name | |
| Daphne cneorum | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Daphne cneorum, the garland flower or rose daphne, is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae, commonly found in various pine forests across Europe.[2][3] It is a prostrate spreading evergreen shrub to 20 cm (8 in), grown for its dense clusters of highly fragrant pink flowers in spring.[4][5][6] All parts of the plant are poisonous to humans.[7] Two common diseases are known as daphne sudden death syndrome and daphne virus X.[2][8][9]
The Latin specific epithet cneorum comes from Greek origins and means “like a small olive bush”.[10]
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Habitat[edit]
In the Boreal age, Daphne cneorum was predominantly found in pine forests, alongside other species such as Galium boreale and Rubus saxatilis.[11] In more recent ages, this species is native to the mountains of central and southern Europe, including an area known as the Châtillonnais region and several parts of Ukraine.[11][3] Within these regions, Daphne cneorum is commonly found in pine forest, oak-pine forest, and beech-pine forest habitats.[3] Other species found in these habitats include Vaccinium myrtillus, Lycopodium annotinum, Pteridium aquilinum, Maianthemum bifolium and Trientalis europaea.[3] Daphne cneorum is typically found in well-lit patches of rocky soil, the foundation of which is generally carbonate rock.[12][3]
Diseases[edit]
In plant nurseries rose daphnes can be affected by various diseases. One of them is caused by the fungus Thielaviopsis basicola and is commonly known as daphne sudden death syndrome (DSDS).[2] In this disease, dark colored lesions grow along the roots, soon followed by discoloration of leaves, stunted growth, fainting, and then in the two weeks after developing foliar symptoms, death.[8][2]
One of the more common viruses affecting daphne cneorum, and other species of the genus daphne, is daphne virus X.[9] It was discovered that in-vitro daphne cneorum cultures can be used as a growing medium to detect if other plants are infected with the disease.[9] This allows for faster identification of diseased plants, thus allowing for prevention of the spread to other plants within nurseries, gardens, etc.[9]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Daphne cneorum". The Plant List. Retrieved 2017-11-17.
- ^ a b c d Noshad, David; Riseman, Andrew; Punja, Zamir (2007). "Evaluation of Daphne Germplasm for Resistance to Daphne Sudden Death Syndrome Caused by the Soil-borne Pathogen Thielaviopsis basicola". American Society for Horticultural Science. 42 (7): 1639–1643 – via American Society for Horticultural Science.
- ^ a b c d e Melnik, Victor (1996). "Distribution and plant communities of Daphne cneorum and Daphne Sophia in Ukraine" (PDF). Thaiszia Journal of Botany. 6: 49–66 – via Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika V Košiciach.
- ^ "Daphne cneorum". University of Delaware Botanic Gardens. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ "Rose Daphne". Winnipeg, Manitoba: Shelmerdine Garden Center. Archived from the original on 26 August 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
- ^ "Daphne cneorum". RHS. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
- ^ a b Noshad, D.; Riseman, A.; Punja, Z. K. (June 2006). "First report of Thielaviopsis basicol a on Daphne cneorum". Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. 28 (2): 310–312. doi:10.1080/07060660609507300. eISSN 1715-2992. ISSN 0706-0661.
- ^ a b c d Wei, C; Green, M.J.; Godkin, S.E.; Monette, P.L. (1 September 1992). "Use of in vitro Cultures of Daphne cneorum L. for the Western Detection of Daphne Virus X." Journal of Enviornmental Horticulture. 10 (3): 153–156 – via Horticultural Research Institute.
- ^ Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 978-1845337315.
- ^ a b Muller, Serge (March 1977). "The Post-Glacial History of Pulsatilla vernalis and Daphne cneorum in Bitcherland, Inferred from the Phytosociological Study of Their Current Habitat". Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters. 6 (2): 129–137 – via JSTOR.
- ^ Dakskobler, Igor; Seliškar, Andrej; Vreš, Branko (2011). "Daphne alpina L. subsp. scopoliana Urbani × Daphne cneorum L. subsp. cneorum = Daphne ×savensis nothosp. nov., a new spontaneous hybrid in the genus Daphne L." Wulfenia. 18: 1–14 – via ResearchGate.
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