Sisymbrium species are annual, biennial or perennial herbs, glabrous or pubescent with simple trichomes, not scapose. Rootstocks taproot. Stem usually erect, subprostrate or decumbent, ascending, simple or branched distally. Basal leaves rosulate or not, obovate-lanceolate to oblong in outline, margin lyrate pinnatifid to pinnatisect, rarely entire, apex acuminate, petiolate, cauline leaves gradually smaller, similar to basal, petiole short to sessile. Inflorescence racemes, many flowered, considerably elongated in fruit, ebracteate, rarely bracteate. Flowers bisexual, yellow, white, pink, purple, pedicel erect or reflexed, divaricate, slender or thick, ascending, sepals 4, erect or spreading, linear ovate-oblong, margin membranous, inner lateral pair base sometimes subsaccate, petals 4, obovate-oblanceolate to spathulate, margins entire, apex obtuse or emarginate, claw distinct, usually almost equal or slightly longer than sepals. Stamens 6 rarely 4, tetradynamous, filaments not dilated near the base, anthers ovate-oblong, apex obtuse rarely apiculate, nectar glands 4 confluent, usually subtending the bases of stamens, median glands present. Ovary superior, linear subcylindrical, bicarpellary, ovules 10-160. Fruit siliqua, dehiscent, linear cylindrical, sessile or rarely shortly stipitate, terete or latiseptate, smooth or torulose, valves prominent midvein and obscure marginal veins, valves chartaceous to leathery, replum rounded, septum complete, style subclavate or cylindric, stigma capitate, bilobed, lobes not decurrent. Seeds uniseriate, brown, plump, oblong-ovoid, not winged, minutely reticulate, not mucilaginous when soaked, cotyledons obliquely incumbent.
Sisymbrium loeselii L.
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Erysimum loeselii (L.) Farw. |
synonym | Hesperis loeselii (L.) Kuntze |
synonym | Leptocarpaea loeselii (L.) DC. |
synonym | Nasturtium loeselium (L.) Krause |
synonym | Norta loeselii (L.) Rydb. |
synonym | Sisymbrium decipiens Bunge |
synonym | Sisymbrium glabratum Stapf ex O.E. Schulz |
synonym | Sisymbrium loeselii var. brevicarpum C.H. An |
synonym | Sisymbrium turcomanicum Litv. |
synonym | Turritis loeselii (L.) W.T. Aiton |
🗒 Common Names
English |
|
Other |
|
📚 Overview
Summary
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
References
Cent. Pl. I: 18. 1755
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Natural History
Reproduction
Sisymbrium species flowers are complete, bisexual, i.e., with functional male (androecium) and female (gynoecium), including stamens, carpels and ovary. Pollination is entomophilous i.e., by insects, or cleistogamy i.e., by self or allogamy i.e., by cross pollination. Flowering/Fruiting: May—August.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Dispersal
Seeds may be dispersed by autochory i.e., self dispersal, anemochory i.e., wind dispersal, zoochory i.e., dispersal by birds or animals, anthropochory i.e., dispersal by humans.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Morphology
Annual or biennial herbs, densely pubescent with retrorse trichomes, about 25-120 cm tall, not scapose. Rootstocks taproot. Stem erect, ascending, simple or branched, densely pubescent at the base, usually pubescent or rarely subglabrous above. Basal leaves in rosulate, broadly obovate-oblanceolate in outline, about 2.5-9 x 1.5-5 cm across, margins sublyrately runcinate-pinnatifid, with 4-7, triangular-oblanceolate or hastate lobes on each side, terminal lobe slightly bigger than the lateral ones, lobe margins dentate, serrate dentate, petiole about 1-4 cm long, cauline leaves gradually smaller, similar to basal but linear, margins dentate to entire, petiole short to subsessile. Inflorescence racemes, many flowered, considerably elongated in fruit, up to 30 cm long in fruit, ebracteate. Flowers bisexual, yellow, pedicel erect or reflexed, divaricate, slender, about 6-12 mm long, sepals 4, erect or spreading, linear oblong, margin membranous, inner lateral pair base sometimes subsaccate, about 3-4 x 1-1.5 mm across, petals 4, obovate to spathulate, margins entire, apex obtuse or emarginate, about 6-8 x 2.5-3 mm across, claw distinct, about 2.5-3.5 mm across. Stamens 6 rarely 4, tetradynamous, filaments not dilated near the base, about 3-4.5 mm long, anthers ovate-oblong, apex obtuse, about 0.7-1 mm long, nectar glands 4 confluent, usually subtending the bases of stamens, median glands present. Ovary superior, linear subcylindrical, bicarpellary, ovules 40-60. Fruit siliqua, dehiscent, linear subcylindrical, about 20-35 x 1 mm across, young fruits not overtopping the flowers, erect or slightly curved, valves prominent midvein and obscure marginal veins, valves glabrous to subtorulose, septum complete, slightly membranous, style subclavate or subelongate, about 0.3-0.7 mm long, stigma capitate, bilobed. Seeds uniseriate, brown, plump, oblong-ovoid, about 0.7-1 mm long, in septum depressions, not winged, minutely reticulate, not mucilaginous when soaked, cotyledons obliquely incumbent.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Diseases
Sisymbrium species are susceptible to various insect pests, virus, mildews and moulds.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Roadsides, near field margins, moist places and along streams, altitude up to 2500 m.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Description
Global Distribution
Asia: Afghanistan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; Europe; North America.
Local Distribution
Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
Not evaluated (IUCN).
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
System of Medicines Used In
Folk medicine
Used in folk medicine.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
System Of Medicines Used In
Folk medicine
FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4252
Attributions | FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4252 |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400
- The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2474993
- The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=7B42DF6B54B750152C32A5434BCE7F3D?find_wholeName=Sisymbrium+loeselii&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html
- Seed dispersal. (2013, September 11). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:42, February 11, 2013, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/4100258
- Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
- Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 151.
- Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=839400&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dSisymbrium%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith
- Flora of North America, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200009680
- Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 2: 244.
- Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121.
- Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127.
- ENVIS Centre for Medicinal Plants. URL: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4252&parname=0
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.
- IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. . Downloaded on 24 March 2015.
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4252
Information Listing > References
- Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400
- The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2474993
- The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do;jsessionid=7B42DF6B54B750152C32A5434BCE7F3D?find_wholeName=Sisymbrium+loeselii&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html
- Seed dispersal. (2013, September 11). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:42, February 11, 2013, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/4100258
- Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
- Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 151.
- Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=839400&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dSisymbrium%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith
- Flora of North America, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200009680
- Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 2: 244.
- Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121.
- Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127.
- ENVIS Centre for Medicinal Plants. URL: http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4252&parname=0
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.
- IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. . Downloaded on 24 March 2015.
- D K Ved, Suma Tagadur Sureshchandra, Vijay Barve, Vijay Srinivas, Sathya Sangeetha, K. Ravikumar, Kartikeyan R., Vaibhav Kulkarni, Ajith S. Kumar, S.N. Venugopal, B. S. Somashekhar, M.V. Sumanth, Noorunissa Begum, Sugandhi Rani, Surekha K.V., and Nikhil Desale. 2016. (envis.frlht.org / frlhtenvis.nic.in). FRLHT's ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bengaluru. http://envis.frlht.org/plant_details.php?disp_id=4252
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
Order | Brassicales |
Family | Brassicaceae |
Genus | Sisymbrium |
Species | Sisymbrium loeselii L. |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations