Rorippa species are aquatic or mesic, annual, biennial or perennial herbs, glabrous or pubescent with simple trichomes, not scapose. Rootstocks rhizomatous, caudex sometimes present. Stem erect or prostrate, ascending, leafy, simple or branched. Basal leaves simple, rosulate or not, usually withered before flowering, obovate-oblanceolate to oblong, base cuneate to attentuate, margin entire, sinuate dentate, lyrate to pinnatisect, apex acute, petiolate, cauline leaves usually gradually smaller, base cuneate, margin entire, dentate to pinnatisect, petiole short to sessile. Inflorescence racemes, many flowered, considerably elongated in fruit, ebracteate, rarely bracteate. Flowers bisexual, yellow, white or pink, pedicel erect or slightly curved, divaricate or reflexed, slender, ascending, sepals 4, erect or spreading, linear ovate-oblong, margin membranous, inner lateral pair base rarely saccate, petals 4 or rarely absent, obovate-oblanceolate to spathulate, margins entire, apex obtuse or emarginate, claw distinct, usually shorter than sepals. Stamens 6 rarely 4, tetradynamous, filaments not dilated near the base, anthers ovate-oblong, apex obtuse rarely apiculate, nectar glands 4 confluent, usually subtending the bases of stamens, median glands present. Ovary superior, bicarpellary, ovules 10-250. Fruit siliqua or silicles, dehiscent, linear cylindrical, ellipsoid or obovoid, sessile or shortly stipitate, terete, erect or slightly curved, latiseptate, smooth or torulose, valves chartaceous with prominent or obscurely veined, replum rounded, septum complete, style obsolete or short, stigma capitate, entire or slightly bilobed. Seeds usually biseriate, rarely uniseriate, brown, plump, elliposid, oblong-ovoid, not winged or rarely winged, minutely reticulate, mucilaginous or not when soaked, cotyledons accumbent.
Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser
🗒 Synonyms
synonym | Brachiolobos sylvestris (L.) All. |
synonym | Cardamine silvestris (L.) Kuntze |
synonym | Nasturtium aschersonianum Janka |
synonym | Nasturtium sylvestre (L.) W.T. Aiton |
synonym | Radicula sylvestris (L.) Druce |
synonym | Rorippa liaotungensis X.D. Cui & Y.L. Chang |
synonym | Sisymbrium sylvestre L. |
🗒 Common Names
English |
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📚 Overview
Summary
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
References
Enum. Pl. (Besser) 27. 1822
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Natural History
Reproduction
Rorippa species flowers are complete, bisexual, i.e., with functional male (androecium) and female (gynoecium), including stamens, carpels and ovary. Pollination is entomophilous i.e., by insects, or cleistogamy i.e., by self or allogamy i.e., by cross pollination. Flowering/Fruiting: May—August.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Dispersal
Seeds may be dispersed by autochory i.e., self dispersal, anemochory i.e., wind dispersal, zoochory i.e., dispersal by birds or animals, anthropochory i.e., dispersal by humans.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Morphology
Perennial herbs, usually glabrous or sparsely pubescent with simple trichomes, stoloniferous, about 10-80 cm tall. Stem glabrous, procumbent or decumbent, ascending, simple or branched from the base. Basal leaves not in rosulate, usually withered very soon before flowering, obovate-oblanceolate in outline, about 3-15 x 0.8-4.5 cm across, margin deeply pinnatisect, lateral lobes 3-6 pairs, gradually becoming larger towards the apex, lobes obovate to oblong, margins coarsely sinuate dentate to serrate, petiole short, cauline leaves similar to basal, gradually smaller, petiole subsessile to sessile, usually uppermost leaves not lobed. Inflorescence raceme corymbs, 10-50 flowered, about 5-30 cm long, elongated in fruit, ebracteate. Flowers bisexual, yellow, pedicel erect, divaricate, slender, ascending, about 4-10 mm long, sepals 4, erect, linear oblong, ascending or spreading, margin membranous, inner lateral pair base rarely saccate, about 2-3 x 0.8-1.5 mm across, petals 4, obovate-spathulate, margins entire, apex emarginate, about 3-5.5 x 1.5-2.5 mm across. Stamens 6, tetradynamous, filaments not dilated near the base, about 2-3.5 mm long, anthers oblong, about 0.7-1 mm long, apex obtuse. Ovary superior, bicarpellary, ovules 24-90. Fruit siliqua, dehiscent, linear cylindrical, about 10-25 x 1-1.3 mm across, erect or slightly curved, base and apex acute, smooth, valves chartaceous with prominent midvein, replum rounded, septum complete, style 0.5-1 mm long, stigma capitate, subentire or slightly bilobed. Seeds uniseriate or sub-biseriate, reddish brown, plump, orbicular, ovate-ovoid, about 0.5-0.9 mm long, minutely reticulate, colliculate, cotyledons accumbent.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Diseases
Rorippa species are susceptible to various insect pests, virus, mildews and moulds.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Meadows, waste places, nurseries, along streams, near cultivated fields and wet lands, altitude up to 2000 m.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
Description
Global Distribution
Asia: China, India, Japan, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; Africa; Europe; North America; South America.
Local Distribution
Jammu & Kashmir.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Category
Least Concern
Least Concern (IUCN).
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Troublesome weed.
Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
Attributions | Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_NC_SA |
References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Flora of North America, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200009673
- Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
- Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 2: 132.
- Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127.
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.
- Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 133.
- IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. . Downloaded on 18 March 2015.
- Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400
- The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Rorippa+sylvestris&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html
- The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2417195
- Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=840500&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dSisymbrium%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith
- Seed dispersal. (2013, September 11). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:42, February 11, 2013, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927
- Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121.
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/4100246
Information Listing > References
- Flora of North America, 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 April 2014]*' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. URL: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200009673
- Harvard University Herbaria, Publication and Botanist databases (HUH) © 2001 - 2013 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
- Sharma, B. D., Balakrishnan, N. P., Rao, R. R., & Hajra, P. K. (1993), Flora of India, Botanical Survey of India. Deep Printers, New Delhi. Vol. 2: 132.
- Mark W. chase and James L. Reveal (2009): A Phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122-127.
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Jan 2014.
- Hooker, J. D., (1872) Flora of British India. Reprint by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Publishers, Dehra Dun. 1: 133.
- IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. . Downloaded on 18 March 2015.
- Plant sexual morphology. (2013, February 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:31, February 21, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plant_sexual_morphology&oldid=539322400
- The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org. URL: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Rorippa+sylvestris&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html
- The Plant List (2010). Version 1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ URL: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2417195
- Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. URL: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/linnaean-typification/database/detail.dsml?ID=840500&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CVarqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CGenusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSpeciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dGenus%252cSpecies%26Speciesqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26Genus%3dSisymbrium%26Genusqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26CSspqtype%3dstarts%2bwith
- Seed dispersal. (2013, September 11). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:42, February 11, 2013, URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seed_dispersal&oldid=572442927
- Birgitta Bremer et. al. (2009): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. From Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 105-121.
- Tropicos, botanical information system at the Missouri Botanical Garden - www.tropicos.org. URL: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/4100246
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Equisetopsida C. Agardh |
Order | Brassicales |
Family | Brassicaceae |
Genus | Rorippa |
Species | Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups