Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998) as Alcea pallida (Willd.) Waldst. & Kit. and Webb in Tutin et al. (1968) as Alcea pallida (Willd.) Waldst. & Kit. subsp. pallida. The accepted name in The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Valdés & Raab-Straube, 2011+) is Alcea biennis Winterl. subsp. biennis.
Distribution: Native from East Central and Southeast Europe to Türkiye according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Grasslands/ pastures, shrublands and clearings of oak forests.
Lifeform: Biennial.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – stem with flowers and flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower – reproductive parts and base of petals with yellow coloration. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – side view of flowers- calyx and epicalyx. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – side view of flowers- calyx and epicalyx. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – side view of flower- calyx and epicalyx. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – spent flowers with developing schizocarps and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – spent flowers with developing schizocarps and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – developing fruit – schizocarp. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – stem. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – stem with tomentose indumentum. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – plants in the first (vegetative) year of the life cycle – basal leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – plants in the first (vegetative) year of the life cycle – basal leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – leaf petiole. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – leaf petiole. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – habit at the end of the life cycle (senescence). Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – ripe fruit – mericarps. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – ripe fruit – mericarps. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..Alcea biennis – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – inflorescence with flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – spent flower with calyx and epicalyx and upper cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – fruit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – lower cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – basal leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Alcea biennis – basal leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea L. Webb, D.A. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1968). Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 253 – 254.
Alcea L. Micevski, K. in Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 835 – 838.
