Taxonomy : Fam. Malvaceae// Genus: Alcea // Species: Alcea biennis Winterl.// Subspecies: Alcea biennis Winterl subsp. biennis .
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998) as Alcea pallida (Willd.) Waldst. & Kit. and Webb in Tutin et al. (1968) as Alcea pallida (Willd.) Waldst. & Kit. subsp. pallida . The accepted name in The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Valdés & Raab-Straube, 2011+) is Alcea biennis Winterl. subsp. biennis .
Distribution: Native from East Central and Southeast Europe to Türkiye according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Grasslands/ pastures, shrublands and clearings of oak forests.
Lifeform: Biennial.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – stem with flowers and flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – flower – reproductive parts and base of petals with yellow coloration. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – side view of flowers- calyx and epicalyx. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – side view of flowers- calyx and epicalyx. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – side view of flower- calyx and epicalyx. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – spent flowers with developing schizocarps and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – spent flowers with developing schizocarps and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – developing fruit – schizocarp. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – stem. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – stem with tomentose indumentum. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – plants in the first (vegetative) year of the life cycle – basal leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – plants in the first (vegetative) year of the life cycle – basal leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – leaf petiole. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – leaf petiole. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – habit at the end of the life cycle (senescence). Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – ripe fruit – mericarps. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..
Alcea biennis subsp. biennis – ripe fruit – mericarps. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..
Alcea biennis – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – inflorescence with flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – spent flower with calyx and epicalyx and upper cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – fruit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – lower cauline leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – basal leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – basal leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Alcea biennis – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 18.06.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Alcea biennis . Valdés, B. & Raab-Straube, E. von (2011+): Malvaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/b5b69eac-0de7-49f9-bc39-f0835c45e208 [Accessed 09.07.2022].
Alcea biennis Winterl. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:558650-1 [Accessed 09.07.2022].
Alcea L. Webb, D.A. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1968). Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 253 – 254.
Alcea L. Micevski, K. in Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 835 – 838.
Last update: 04.02.2024.
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