Fumaria officinalis L.

Seedling

Cotyledons lanceolate, 20-35 x 3-4 mm, clearly petiolate, only one vein is visible on the lower face. Leaves are simple, alternate, petiolate (not sheathing which avoids confusion with Apiaceae) and rosette-shaped, glabrous, the primordial ones are palmate, divided 2-3 times into rather broad segments which, for the following leaves become narrower and narrower ending in a reddish-brown tinted apicle. The hypocotyl is rather long, 10-20 mm, of reddish or light brown color, as well as the stem. The seedling is bluish green.

Adult plant

Fumaria officinalis is a glabrous and glaucous annual plant, which can reach 50 cm in height. Stem erect or ascending, grooved, branched, a little flexuous, leafy until the top. Leaves alternate, simple, 2-4 times pinnate, with rather narrow, linear, apiculate segments. Inflorescence in terminal clusters at first compact then loose as fruiting approaches, of 10-40 flowers. Flowers subsessile (pedicel 3 mm straight at fruiting), zygomorphic, purpurine or pinkish, 6-8 mm, the sepals narrower than the corolla, less than 1.5 mm wide, toothed. Fruit akenoid subglobose to ovoid, 1.8-2.3 x 1.8-2.3 mm, often wider than long, terminating in an obtuse point, finely granular.

Origin

Fumaria muralis is native to the Euro-Mediterranean region.

Worldwide distribution

This species has been introduced in most states of the USA, Canada, South America, Great Britain, Russia, China (North East), Australia, Tasmania, Taiwan and New Zealand.

Algeria: Common species in the whole Mediterranean part of the country.

https://www.gbif.org/species/5334217