Polish Botanical Journal 50(1): 19–37, 2005 CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI, WITH NOTES ON FOUR SPECIES OF ANTHRACOIDEA MARCIN PIĄTEK, MAŁGORZATA RUSZKIEWICZ-MICHALSKA & WIESŁAW MUŁENKO Abstract. A catalogue of smut fungi known in Poland is presented, incorporating the current nomenclature and classificatory system for the species. The species now known from Poland number 174, classified in 30 genera and 14 families. The Polish collections of Anthracoidea Bref. on Carex fuliginosa (= misnamed C. sempervirens), C. hartmanii, C. humilis, C. michelii and C. sempervirens are revised. Anthracoidea buxbaumii Kukkonen, A. humilis Vánky and A. michelii Vánky are records new for Poland. Anthracoidea sempervirentis Vánky, previously poorly known, is considered to be fairly common in the Tatra Mts. All species of Anthracoidea are fully documented with voucher specimens, original descriptions and SEM micrographs, and their distribution in Poland is mapped. Key words: Ustilaginomycetes p.p., Urediniomycetes p.p., census catalogue, Anthracoidea, taxonomy, Poland Marcin Piątek, Department of Mycology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland; e-mail: mpiatek@ib-pan.krakow.pl Małgorzata Ruszkiewicz-Michalska, Department of Algology and Mycology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, PL-90-237 Łódź, Poland; e-mail: mrusz@biol.uni.lodz.pl Wiesław Mułenko, Department of General Botany, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, PL-20-033 Lublin, Poland; e-mail: botog@biotop.umcs.lublin.pl INTRODUCTION The long-standing tradition of research on smut fungi in Poland goes back to the works of Schröter (1869, 1887), the later taxonomic monographs of Kawecka-Starmachowa (1936, 1939) and Kochman (1936), and the postwar monograph by Kochman and Majewski (1973). These studies are supplemented by a number of reports published mostly in Polish and German literature. Since the publication of the monograph by Kochman and Majewski (1973) there has been remarkable progress in studies on smut fungi, contributing descriptions and re-evaluations of many species. Some species have been synonimized or reallocated to other genera. This has brought significant changes in the taxonomy and nomenclature of smut fungi. Reports on several newly discovered species in Poland have been published since the 1970s. Thus, it is appropriate to provide a catalogue of smut fungi known in Poland, incorporating the current nomenclature and modern classificatory system. The catalogue is a shortened form of a forthcoming checklist of Polish smut fungi (Majewski, RuszkiewiczMichalska & Piątek, submitted). The checklist will be greatly expanded, and will comprise data on synonyms, host species and records published after Kochman and Majewski’s work. We also provide the results of studies on four species of Anthracoidea Bref., which is the most taxonomically complicated genus of smut fungi in Poland. Three species of this genus, A. buxbaumii Kukkonen, A. humilis Vánky and A. michelii Vánky, are reported for the first time in Poland; the fourth, A. sempervirentis Vánky, is briefly reviewed, and the species discussed are fully documented with voucher specimens, original descriptions and SEM micrographs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The catalogue is based on critical analysis of the information given by Kochman and Majewski (1973) 20 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 and subsequent papers (below). The majority of recent taxonomic additions and changes have been incorporated. Species nomenclature is based largely on Vánky (1994), with innovations and changes published since that study came out (Vánky 1998a, b, 1999, 2001a, 2004; Piepenbring et al. 1999; Ershad 2000; Piepenbring 2000; Bauer et al. 2001a; Vánky & McKenzie 2002; Piątek 2005a). Smut fungi have long been included in one order, Ustilaginales, with the two families Tilletiaceae and Ustilaginaceae. Major changes resulting from extensive ultrastructural and molecular studies have been introduced in the last two decades (Bauer et al. 1997, 2001b; Begerow et al. 1998; Vánky 1999, 2001b, c; Weiss et al. 2004). Smut fungi are currently included in two classes, Ustilaginomycetes and Urediniomycetes, and numerous orders and families. In this paper, the classificatory system has been adopted after Vánky (2001b) with the modifications introduced by Vánky (2001c) and Weiss et al. (2004). The collections of Anthracoidea species analyzed in this paper come from KRAM and LBLM. Except for a few records of A. michelii and A. sempervirentis, only materials collected within the borders of present-day Poland have been included. Observations and measurements of spores were made from samples mounted in 5% KOH under a NIKON Eclipse E600 light microscope with Nomarski phase contrast. For SEM studies, dry spores were dusted on a clean slide, mounted on one side of double-sided tape and affixed to an aluminum stub. The stubs were sputter-coated with carbon using a CRESSINGTON sputter-coater and viewed with a Hitachi S-4700 scanning electron microscope at a working distance of 12–13 mm. SEM micrographs were taken in the Laboratory of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis at the Institute of Geological Sciences of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI The monograph by Kochman and Majewski (1973) comprised 149 species known to occur in Poland, classified in 19 genera and two families. In the past three decades there has been significant progress in taxonomic, nomenclatural and phytogeographical studies, and many findings on changes related to European smut fungi have been published. On the one hand, the results of these studies have brought about a reduction in the number of Polish smut fungi; for example, two known species of Schroeteria G. Winter, viz. S. decaisneana (Boud.) de Toni and S. delastrina (Tul. & C. Tul.) G. Winter, were excluded from the smut fungi because ultrastructural study showed them to be ascomycetes (Nagler et al. 1989). Other species have been synonimized with others: Entyloma aschersonii (Ule) Woronin with E. magnusii (Ule) Woronin, Ustilago corcontica (Bubák) Liro with U. striiformis (Westend.) Niessl, Ustilago levis (Kellerm. & Swingle) Magnus with U. hordei (Pers.) Lagerh., Ustilago perennans Rostr. with U. avenae (Pers.) Rostr., and Ustilago raciborskiana Siemaszko & Wróbl. with Microbotryum anomalum (J. G. Kunze ex G. Winter) Vánky (Vánky 1994). On the other hand, descriptions of new species and revisions of some others have added smut fungi species known from Poland. Microbotryum violaceum (Pers.: Pers.) G. Deml & Oberw. s.l., for instance, was treated in its broad sense in Kochman and Majewski (1973). Now this collective species is represented in Poland by six species: M. dianthorum (Liro) H. Scholz & I. Scholz, M. lychnidis-dioicae (DC. ex Liro) G. Deml & Oberw., M. silenes-inflatae (DC. ex Liro) G. Deml & Oberw., M. stellariae (Sowerby) G. Deml & Oberw., M. violaceo-verrucosum (Brandenb. & Schwinn) Vánky, and M. violaceum (Pers.: Pers.) G. Deml & Oberw. s. str. Similarly, Entyloma picridis Rostr. s.l. is currently divided into smaller species, three of which are known in Poland: E. arnoseridis Syd. & P. Syd. ex Cif., E. hieracii Syd. & P. Syd. ex Cif., and E. leontodontis Syd. & P. Syd. ex Cif. Another example, Urocystis primulicola Magnus s.l., is now represented in Poland by two species, U. primulae (Rostr.) Vánky and U. primulicola Magnus s.str. Finally, while Microbotryum aviculare (Liro) Vánky was treated by Kochman and Majewski (1973) as a variety, ‘Ustilago anomala var. avicularis (Liro) B. Lindeb.,’ it is now considered to be a good species (Vánky 1994). Similarly, ‘Ustilago montagnei var. major Desm.’ is now treated as a species, Ustanciosporium majus (Desm.) M. Piepenbr. (Piepenbring 2000). Apart from those additions, the number of Polish smut fungi has also increased simply 21 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI because new species have been discovered in Poland, such as Tilletia holci (Westend.) J. Schröt. (Michalski 1982), Tilletia sesleriae Juel (Romaszewska-Sałata 1982), Entyloma helosciadii Magnus (Skirgiełło et al. 1992; Mułenko 1994), Microbotryum cichorii (Syd.) Vánky (Adamska & Błaszkowski 2000; Adamska 2001), Urocystis dactylidina (Lavrov) Zundel (Adamska 2001), Ustilago trichophora (Link) Körn. (Pusz & Kita 2001; Madej et al. 2001), Microbotryum pinguiculae (Rostrup) Vánky (Piątek et al. 2005), Schizonella intercedens Vánky & A. Nagler (Piątek 2005a), Tothiella thlaspeos (Beck) Vánky, Tracya lemnae (Setch.) Syd. & P. Syd. (Płachecka 2005) and Urocystis muscaridis (Niessl) Moesz (Wołczańska & Rozwałka 2005). Several groups of smut fungi still require further re-examination to clarify their status in Poland. The most problematic species belong to the genus Anthracoidea Bref. In their monograph, Kochman and Majewski (1973) listed 11 species of Anthracoidea from Poland. The concept of this genus, although correct at the time, has changed greatly. Vánky (1979) added to this list A. tomentosae Vánky and A. sempervirentis Vánky, which he newly described. On the basis of the host plants mentioned in Kochman and Majewski (1973), Nannfeldt (1977, 1979) concluded that several species of Anthracoidea newly described or resurrected from oblivion are known from Poland, but he did not examine voucher specimens. Nannfeldt lists the following species: A. angulata (Syd.) Boidol & Poelt, A. bigelowii Nannf., A. intercedens Nannf., A. irregularis (Liro) Boidol & Poelt, A. karii (Liro) Nannf., A. vankyi Nannf., and (with some doubts) also A. fischeri (P. Karst.) Kukkonen. One of them has already been confirmed in Poland: A. vankyi (Piątek 2005b). The others need to be confirmed with a re-examination of herbarium materials, but except for A. fischeri we included them in our checklist (marked with an asterisk). The first author (M.P.) is currently making a critical analysis of all materials of Anthracoidea deposited in Polish herbaria, including verification of host identifications. Preliminary results are reported in the present paper. Synonimizations and deletions with resurrec- tions and additions of species have been expanded; thus the total number of smut fungi reported from Poland is now 174, classified in 30 genera belonging to 14 families. Class USTILAGINOMYCETES R. Bauer, Oberw. & Vánky Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Subclass ENTORRHIZOMYCETIDAE R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Order ENTORRHIZALES R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Family ENTORRHIZACEAE R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Entorrhiza C. A. Weber Bot. Zeitung 42: 378. 1884. 1. Entorrhiza aschersoniana (Magnus) Lagerh. Hedwigia 27: 262. 1888. 2. Entorrhiza casparyana (Magnus) Lagerh. Hedwigia 27: 262. 1888. 3. Entorrhiza cypericola (Magnus) C. A. Weber Bot. Zeitung 42: 378. 1884. Subclass USTILAGINOMYCETIDAE Jülich Biblioth. Mycol. 85: 54. 1981, emend. R. Bauer & Oberw., Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Order UROCYSTALES R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Family MELANOTAENIACEAE Begerow, R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75(1997): 2053. 1998. Melanotaenium de Bary Bot. Zeitung 32: 105. 1874. 22 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 1. Melanotaenium cingens (Beck) Magnus 7. Urocystis dactylidina (Lavrov) Zundel Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 40. 1892. Ustilaginales of the World: 314. 1953. 2. Melanotaenium endogenum (Unger) de Bary 8. Urocystis ficariae (Liro) Moesz Bot. Zeitung 32: 106. 1874. Budapest és környékének gombái: 137. 1942. Family DOASSANSIOPSACEAE Begerow, R. Bauer & Oberw. 9. Urocystis filipendulae (Tul.) J. Schröt. Canad. J. Bot. 75(1997): 2052. 1998. Abh. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult., Abth. Naturwiss. 1869/ 1872: 7. 1869. Doassansiopsis (Setch.) Dietel 10. Urocystis fischeri Körn. ex G. Winter in Engler & Prantl, Näturl. Pflanzenfam. I(1): 21. 1897. in Rabenhorst, Krypt.-fl. Deutsch., Oester. Schweiz 2(1): 120. 1881. 1. Doassansiopsis hydrophila (A. Dietr.) Lavrov 11. Urocystis floccosa (Wallr.) D. M. Hend. Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gousud. Univ. Kujbyševa 11: 4. 1937. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 21: 241. 1955. Family UROCYSTACEAE Begerow, R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75(1997): 2052. 1998. Urocystis Rabenh. ex Fuckel Jahrb. Nassauischen Vereins Naturk. 23–24: 41. 1870. 1. Urocystis agropyri (Preuss) A. A. Fisch. Waldh. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40: 258. 1867. 2. Urocystis anemones (Pers.) G. Winter Hedwigia 19: 160. 1880. 3. Urocystis avenae-elatioris (Kochman) Zundel 12. Urocystis johansonii (Lagerh.) Magnus Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 37(1895): 94. 1896. 13. Urocystis junci Lagerh. Bot. Not. 1888: 201. 1888. 14. Urocystis kmetiana Magnus Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 31: xix. 1890. 15. Urocystis leimbachii Örtel Irmischia 1(1881): 4. 1882. 16. Urocystis luzulae (J. Schröt.) G. Winter Ustilaginales of the World: 311. 1953. in Rabenhorst, Krypt.-fl. Deutsch., Oester. Schweiz 2(1): 120. 1881. 4. Urocystis bolivarii Bubák & Gonz. Frag. 17. Urocystis magica Pass. in Bubák, Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 22: 205. 1922. in Thümen, Mycoth. univ. 223. 1875. 5. Urocystis bromi (Lavrov) Zundel 18. Urocystis muscaridis (Niessl) Moesz Ustilaginales of the World: 312. 1953. A Kárpát-medence üszöggombái: 199. 1950. 6. Urocystis colchici (Schltdl.) Rabenh. 19. Urocystis occulta (Wallr.) Rabenh. ex Fuckel Fungi europ. 396. 1861. Jahrb. Nassauischen Vereins Naturk. 23–24: 41. 1870. 23 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI 20. Urocystis ornithogali Körn. in Fischer von Waldheim, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 6, 4(1876): 240. 1877. 1. Vankya ornithogali (J. C. Schmidt & Kunze) Ershad Rostaniha 1: 66. 2000. 21. Urocystis poae (Liro) Padwick & A. Khan 2. Vankya vaillantii (Tul. & C. Tul.) Ershad Mycol. Pap. 10: 2. 1944. Rostaniha 1: 69. 2000. 22. Urocystis primulae (Rostr.) Vánky Symb. Bot. Upsal. 24(2): 176. 1985. 23. Urocystis primulicola Magnus Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 20: 53. 1878. 24. Urocystis pulsatillae (Bubák) Moesz A Kárpát-medence üszöggombái: 211. 1950. 25. Urocystis ranunculi (Lib.) Moesz Order USTILAGINALES G. P. Clinton North Amer. Flora 7: 1. 1906, emend. R. Bauer & Oberw., Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Family CINTRACTIACEAE Vánky Mycotaxon 74(2): 344. 2000. Tolyposporium Woronin ex J. Schröt. in Cohn, Krypt.-fl. Schles. 3(1): 276. 1887. A Kárpát-medence üszöggombái: 199. 213. 1950. 1. Tolyposporium junci (J. Schröt.) Woronin ex J. Schröt. 26. Urocystis ranunculi-auricomi (Liro) Zundel in Cohn, Krypt.-fl. Schles. 3(1): 276. 1887. Ustilaginales of the World: 331. 1953. 27. Urocystis syncocca (L. A. Kirchn.) B. Lindeb. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 16(2): 99. 1959. 28. Urocystis trientalis (Berk. & Broome) B. Lindeb. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 16(2): 100. 1959. 29. Urocystis trollii Nannf. in Lindeberg, Symb. Bot. Upsal. 16(2): 100. 1959. 30. Urocystis ulei Magnus in Rabenhorst, Fungi europ. 2390. 1877. 31. Urocystis violae (Sowerby) A. A. Fisch. Waldh. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40: 258. 1867. Vankya Ershad Rostaniha 1: 66. 2000. Ustanciosporium Vánky Mycotaxon 70: 31. 1999, emend. M. Piepenbr., Nova Hedwigia 70(3–4): 330. 2000. 1. Ustanciosporium gigantosporum (Liro) M. Piepenbr. & Begerow Nova Hedwigia 70(3–4): 339. 2000. 2. Ustanciosporium majus (Desm.) M. Piepenbr. Nova Hedwigia 70(3–4): 341. 2000. 3. Ustanciosporium montagnei (Tul. & C. Tul.) M. Piepenbr., Begerow & Oberw. Nova Hedwigia 70(3–4): 344. 2000. Family FARYSIACEAE Vánky Fungal Diversity 6: 143. 2001. Farysia Racib. Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math. Nat. 1909: 354. 1909. 24 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 1. Farysia thuemenii (A. A. Fisch. Waldh.) Nannf. in Lindeberg, Symb. Bot. Upsal. 16(2): 51. 1959. Family USTILAGINACEAE Tul. & C. Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 3, 7: 14. 1847, emend. R. Bauer & Oberw., Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1312. 1997. Macalpinomyces Langdon & Full. Family GLOMOSPORIACEAE Cif. Riv. Patol. Veg. 3: 141. 1963, emend. Begerow, R. Bauer & Oberw., Canad. J. Bot. 75(1997): 2053. 1998. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 68: 30. 1977, emend. Vánky, Mycotaxon 59: 119. 1996. 1. Macalpinomyces neglectus (Niessl) Vánky Glomosporium Kochman Mycotaxon 89(1): 106. 2004. Acta Soc. Bot. Polon. 16: 58. 1939. Melanopsichium Beck 1. Glomosporium leptideum (Syd.) Kochman Acta Soc. Bot. Polon. 16: 58. 1939. Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 9: 122. 1894. 1. Melanopsichium pennsylvanicum Hirschh. Kochmania M. Piątek Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 6: 149. 1941. Mycotaxon 92: 34. 2005. Moesziomyces Vánky 1. Kochmania M. Piątek oxalidis (Ellis & Tracy) Mycotaxon 92: 34. 2005. Bot. Not. 130: 133. 1977. 1. Moesziomyces bullatus (J. Schröt.) Vánky Bot. Not. 130: 133. 1977. Thecaphora Fingerh. Schizonella J. Schröt. Linnaea 10: 230. 1836, emend. Vánky, Mycotaxon 69: 94. 1998. in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 362. 1877. 1. Thecaphora affinis W. G. Schneid. ex A. A. Fisch. Waldh. 1. Schizonella cocconii (Morini) Liro Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A, 42(1): 52. 1938. Aperçu systématique des Ustilagineés: 36. 1877. 2. Schizonella intercedens Vánky & A. Nagler 2. Thecaphora saponariae (F. Rudolphi) Vánky Mycotaxon 69: 105. 1998. Mycotaxon 69: 94. 1998. 3. Schizonella melanogramma (DC.) J. Schröt. 3. Thecaphora seminis-convolvuli (Desm.) S. Ito Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 94. 1935. in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 385. 1877. Sporisorium Ehrenb. ex Link in Linne, Spec. Plant. Ed. 4, 6(2): 86. 1825. Tothiella Vánky 1. Sporisorium andropogonis (Opiz) Vánky Mycotaxon 70: 39. 1999. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 24(2): 113. 1985. 1. Tothiella thlaspeos (Beck) Vánky 2. Sporisorium cruentum (J. G. Kühn) Vánky Mycotaxon 70: 39. 1999. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 24(2): 115. 1985. 25 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI 3. Sporisorium destruens (Schltdl.) Vánky 6. Ustilago echinata J. Schröt. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 24(2): 115. 1985. Abh. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult., Abth. Naturwiss. 1869/ 1872: 4. 1869. 4. Sporisorium sorghi Ehrenb. ex Link in Linne, Spec. Plant. Ed. 4, 6(2): 86. 1825. 7. Ustilago filiformis (Schrank) Rostr. Festskr. Bot. Foren. Kjøbenhavn. 1890: 136. 1890. Stegocintractia M. Piepenbr., Begerow & Oberw. 8. Ustilago grandis Fr. Mycologia 91: 497. 1999. Syst. mycol. 3(2): 518. 1832. 1. Stegocintractia luzulae (Sacc.) M. Piepenbr., Begerow & Oberw. 9. Ustilago hordei (Pers.) Lagerh. Mycologia 91: 497. 1999. Mitt. Bad. Bot. Vereins 1889: 70. 1889. 10. Ustilago lolii Magnus Tranzscheliella Lavrov Hedwigia 49: 93. 1909. Trudy Biol. Naucno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 29. 1936, emend. Vánky, Mycotaxon 85: 2. 2003. 11. Ustilago maydis (DC.) Corda 1. Tranzscheliella hypodytes (Schltdl.) Vánky & E. H. C. McKenzie Fungal Diversity Research Series 8: 156. 2002. Icones Fung. Huc. Cognit. 5: 3. 1842. 12. Ustilago nuda (J. L. Jensen) Kellerm. & Swingle Kansas Agric. Exp. Sta. Annual Rep. 2: 277. 1890. Ustilago (Pers.) Roussel Flore Calvados, ed 2: 47. 1806. 1. Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Rostr. Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1890: 13. 1890. 2. Ustilago bromivora (Tul. & C. Tul.) A. A. Fisch. Waldh. 13. Ustilago serpens (P. Karst.) B. Lindeb. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 16(2): 133. 1959. 14. Ustilago striiformis (Westend.) Niessl Hedwigia 15: 1. 1876. 15. Ustilago syntherismae (Schwein.) Peck Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40: 252. 1867. Annual Rep. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 27: 103. 1875. 3. Ustilago calamagrostidis (Fuckel) G. P. Clinton 16. Ustilago trichophora (Link) Körn. J. Mycol. 8: 138. 1902. Hedwigia 16: 36. 1877. 4. Ustilago crameri Körn. 17. Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr. Verh. Naturhist. Vereines Preuss. Rheinl. Westphalens 29: 192. 1872. Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1890: 15. 1890. 5. Ustilago davisii Liro Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A, 17(1): 80. 1924. Family ANTHRACOIDEACEAE C. Denchev Mycotaxon 65: 413. 1997. 26 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 Anthracoidea Bref. 11. Anthracoidea inclusa Bref. Untersuch. Gesammtgeb. Mykol. xii: Hemibasidii, Brandpilze iii: 144. 1895. Untersuch. Gesammtgeb. Mykol. xv: Brandpilze Brandkrank. v: 35. 1912. *1. Anthracoidea angulata (Syd.) Boidol & Poelt *12. Anthracoidea intercedens Nannf. Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 36: 23. 1963. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 22(3): 22. 1979. 2. Anthracoidea arenaria (Syd.) Nannf. *13. Anthracoidea irregularis (Liro) Boidol & Poelt Bot. Not. 130: 365. 1977. *3. Anthracoidea bigelowii Nannf. in Nannfeldt & Lindeberg, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 59: 203. 1965. 4. Anthracoidea buxbaumii Kukkonen Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 88. 1963. 5. Anthracoidea caricis (Pers.) Bref. Untersuch. Gesammtgeb. Mykol. xii: Hemibasidii, Brandpilze iii: 144. 1895, emend. Nannf., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 22(3): 17. 1979. 6. Anthracoidea caricis-albae (Syd.) Kukkonen Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 62. 1963. 7. Anthracoidea caryophylleae Kukkonen Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 53. 1963. 8. Anthracoidea echinospora (Lehtola) Kukkonen Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 72. 1963. 9. Anthracoidea heterospora (B. Lindeb.) Kukkonen Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 63. 1963. Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 36: 23. 1963. *14. Anthracoidea karii (Liro) Nannf. Bot. Not. 130: 368. 1977. 15. Anthracoidea limosa (Syd.) Kukkonen Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 91. 1963. 16. Anthracoidea michelii Vánky Bot. Not. 132: 223. 1979. 17. Anthracoidea paniceae Kukkonen Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 76. 1963. 18. Anthracoidea pratensis (Syd.) Boidol & Poelt Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 36: 23. 1963. 19. Anthracoidea sempervirentis Vánky Bot. Not. 132: 225. 1979. 20. Anthracoidea subinclusa (Körn.) Bref. Untersuch. Gesammtgeb. Mykol. xii: Hemibasidii, Brandpilze iii: 146. 1895. 21. Anthracoidea tomentosae Vánky Bot. Not. 132: 227. 1979. 10. Anthracoidea humilis Vánky 22. Anthracoidea vankyi Nannf. Mycotaxon 18: 321. 1983. Bot. Not. 130: 372. 1977. 27 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI Subclass EXOBASIDIOMYCETIDAE Jülich Biblioth. Mycol. 85: 55. 1981, emend. R. Bauer & Oberw., Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. 5. Tilletia laevis J. G. Kühn in Rabenhorst, Fungi europ. 1697. 1873. 6. Tilletia lolii Auersw. ex G. Winter Order GEORGEFISCHERIALES R. Bauer, Begerow & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Family GEORGEFISCHERIACEAE R. Bauer, Begerow & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1312. 1997. Jamesdicksonia Thirum., Pavgi & Payak Mycologia 52: 478. 1960, emend. R. Bauer, Begerow, A. Nagler & Oberw., Mycol. Res. 105(4): 422. 2001. 1. Jamesdicksonia dactylidis (Pass.) R. Bauer, Begerow, A. Nagler & Oberw. Mycol. Res. 105(4): 422. 2001. Order TILLETIALES Kreisel ex R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Family TILLETIACEAE Tul. & C. Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 3, 7: 14. 1847, emend. R. Bauer & Oberw., Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Tilletia Tul. & C. Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 3, 7: 112. 1847. 1. Tilletia anthoxanthi A. Blytt Forh. Vidensk.-Selsk. Christiania 1896(6): 31. 1896. 2. Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul. & C. Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 3, 7: 113. 1847. 3. Tilletia contraversa J. G. Kühn in Rabenhorst, Fungi europ. 1896. 1874. 4. Tilletia holci (Westend.) J. Schröt. in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 365. 1877. in Rabenhorst, Krypt.-fl. Deutsch., Oester. Schweiz 2(1): 109. 1881. 7. Tilletia olida (Riess) J. Schröt. in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 366. 1877. 8. Tilletia secalis (Corda) Körn. Verh. Naturhist. Vereines Preuss. Rheinl. Westphalens 29: 98. 1872. 9. Tilletia separata J. Kunze ex G. Winter in Rabenhorst, Krypt.-fl. Deutsch., Oester. Schweiz 2(1): 111. 1881. 10. Tilletia sesleriae Juel Öfvers. Förh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 51: 494. 1894. 11. Tilletia sphaerococca (Wallr.) A. A. Fisch. Waldh. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40: 255. 1867. Order ENTYLOMATALES R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. Family ENTYLOMATACEAE R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1312. 1997. Entyloma de Bary Bot. Zeitung 32: 101. 1874. 1. Entyloma achilleae Magnus Abh. Naturhist. Ges. Nürnberg 13: 8. 1900. 2. Entyloma arnoseridis Syd. & P. Syd. ex Cif. Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia, Ser. 3, 1: 93. 1924. 3. Entyloma bellidiastri Maire in Brockmann-Jerosch & Maire, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 57: 274. 1907. 28 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 4. Entyloma bellidis Willi Krieg. 18. Entyloma leontodontis Syd. & P. Syd. ex Cif. Hedwigia, Beibl. 35: 145. 1896. Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia, Ser. 3, 1: 93. 1924. 5. Entyloma calendulae (Oudem.) de Bary 19. Entyloma linariae J. Schröt. Bot. Zeitung 32: 102. 1874. in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 371. 1877. 6. Entyloma chrysosplenii J. Schröt. 20. Entyloma magnusii (Ule) Woronin in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 372. 1877. Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 12(1881): 580. 1882. 7. Entyloma cichorii Wróbl. 21. Entyloma matricariae Rostr. Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr. 47: 153. 1913. in Thümen, Mycoth. univ. 2223. 1884. 8. Entyloma corydalis de Bary 22. Entyloma microsporum (Unger) J. Schröt. Bot. Zeitung 32: 104. 1874. in Rabenhorst, Fungi europ. 1872. 1874. 9. Entyloma dahliae Syd. & P. Syd. 23. Entyloma ranunculi-repentis Sternon Ann. Mycol. 10: 36. 1912. L’hétérogenité du genre Ramularia: 34 & 45. 1925. 10. Entyloma erigerontis Syd. & P. Syd. ex Cif. 24. Entyloma serotinum J. Schröt. Ann. Mycol. 26: 39. 1928. 11. Entyloma eryngii-plani Cif. Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1924: 54. 1924. 12. Entyloma fergussonii (Berk. & Broome) Plowr. Monogr. Brit. Ured. Ustilag.: 289. 1889. 13. Entyloma ficariae Thüm. ex A. A. Fisch. Waldh. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 52: 309. 1877. in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 437. 1877. 25. Entyloma thalictri J. Schröt. in Cohn, Krypt.-fl. Schles. 3(1): 282. 1887. 26. Entyloma verruculosum Pass. in Rabenhorst, Fungi europ. 2253. 1877 & Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 9: 239. 1877. 27. Entyloma winteri Linh. in Linhart, Fungi hung. 206. 1884. 14. Entyloma fuscum J. Schröt. in Cohn, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 2: 373. 1877. Order DOASSANSIALES R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1312. 1997. 15. Entyloma gaillardianum Vánky Mycotaxon 16: 104. 1982. 16. Entyloma helosciadii Magnus Family DOASSANSIACEAE (Azbukina & Karatygin) R. T. Moore ex P. M. Kirk, P. F. Cannon & J. C. David Hedwigia 21: 130. 1882. Dictionary of the fungi: ix. 2001. 17. Entyloma hieracii Syd. & P. Syd. ex Cif. Doassansia Cornu Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1924: 50. 1924. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 6, 15: 285. 1883. 29 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI 1. Doassansia alismatis (Nees) Cornu 1. Bauerago vuyckii (Oudem. & Beij.) Vánky Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 6, 15: 285. 1883. Mycotaxon 70: 46. 1999. 2. Doassansia limosellae (J. Kunze) J. Schröt. Microbotryum Lév. in Cohn, Krypt.-fl. Schles. 3(1): 287. 1887. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 3, 8: 372. 1847, emend. Vánky, Mycotaxon 67: 39. 1998. 3. Doassansia niesslii De Toni J. Mycol. 4: 17. 1888. 1. Microbotryum anomalum (J. Kunze ex G. Winter) Vánky 4. Doassansia sagittariae (Fuckel) C. Fisch. Mycotaxon 67: 39. 1998. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 2: 415. 1884. Heterodoassansia Vánky Mycotaxon 48: 28. 1993. 1. Heterodoassansia hottoniae (Rostr.) Vánky Mycotaxon 48: 28. 1993. 2. Microbotryum aviculare (Liro) Vánky Mycotaxon 67: 40. 1998. 3. Microbotryum bistortarum (DC.) Vánky Mycotaxon 67: 40. 1998. Tracya Syd. & P. Syd. 4. Microbotryum cardui (A. A. Fisch. Waldh.) Vánky Hedwigia, Beibl. 40: 3. 1901. Mycotaxon 67: 41. 1998. 1. Tracya hydrocharidis Lagerh. 5. Microbotryum cichorii (Syd.) Vánky in Vestergren, Bot. Not. 1902: 175. 1902. Mycotaxon 67: 42. 1998. 2. Tracya lemnae (Setch.) Syd. & P. Syd. 6. Microbotryum cordae (Liro) G. Deml & Prillinger Hedwigia, Beibl. 40: 3. 1901. in Prillinger et al., Bot. Acta 104: 10. 1991. Class UREDINIOMYCETES sensu E. C. Swann & J. W. Taylor Subclass MICROBOTRYOMYCETIDAE E. C. Swann Mycologia 91(1): 63. 1999. Order MICROBOTRYALES R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1309. 1997. Family MICROBOTRYACEAE R. T. Moore Mycotaxon 59: 17. 1996. 7. Microbotryum dianthorum (Liro) H. Scholz & I. Scholz Englera 8: 206. 1988. 8. Microbotryum goeppertianum (J. Schröt.) Vánky Mycotaxon 67: 44. 1998. 9. Microbotryum holostei (de Bary) Vánky Mycotaxon 67: 44. 1998. Bauerago Vánky 10. Microbotryum intermedium (J. Schröt.) Vánky Mycotaxon 70: 44. 1999. Mycotaxon 67: 44. 1998. 30 11. Microbotryum kuehneanum (R. Wolff) Vánky Mycotaxon 67: 45. 1998. POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 23. Microbotryum vinosum (Tul. & C. Tul.) C. Denchev Mycotaxon 50: 331. 1994. 12. Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae (DC. ex Liro) G. Deml & Oberw. Phytopathol. Z. 104(4): 353. 1982. 24. Microbotryum violaceo-verrucosum (Brandenb. & Schwinn) Vánky Mycotaxon 33: 372. 1988. 13. Microbotryum major (J. Schröt.) G. Deml & Oberw. Phytopathol. Z. 104(4): 353. 1982. 25. Microbotryum violaceum (Pers.: Pers.) G. Deml & Oberw. Phytopathol. Z. 104(4): 353. 1982. 14. Microbotryum marginale (DC.) Vánky Mycotaxon 67: 45. 1998. 15. Microbotryum pinguiculae (Rostrup) Vánky Sphacelotheca de Bary Vergl. Morph. Biol. Pilze, Myzet. Bacter.: 187. 1884. Mycotaxon 67: 48. 1998. 1. Sphacelotheca hydropiperis (Schumach.) de Bary 16. Microbotryum pustulatum (DC.) R. Bauer & Oberw. Vergl. Morph. Biol. Pilze, Myzet. Bacter.: 187. 1884. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1309. 1997. NOTES 17. Microbotryum reticulatum (Liro) R. Bauer & Oberw. In the last monograph on Polish smut fungi (Kochman & Majewski 1973) and in the subsequent reports (Romaszewska-Sałata 1975, 1977; Kućmierz 1976, 1977a, b; Braun & Hirsch 1978; Sałata et al. 1986; Mułenko 1989; Mułenko et al. 1995; Sałata & Mułenko 1996) Anthracoidea caricis (Pers.) Bref. emend. Nannf. is treated in Poland in its broad sense, reported from the following host plants: Carex digitata, C. fuliginosa, C. hirta, C. michelii, C. montana, C. ornithopoda, C. pallescens, C. pilulifera and C. sempervirens. In the second half of the 20th century, this collective species was divided into some minor but homogenous species on the basis of host taxonomy and spore morphology: for example, Anthracoidea angulata (Syd.) Boidol & Poelt, A. hostianae B. Lindeb. ex Nannf., A. humilis Vánky, A. irregularis (Liro) Boidol & Poelt, A. michelii Vánky, A. pseudirregularis U. Braun, and A. sempervirentis Vánky (e.g., Boidol & Poelt 1963; Nannfeldt 1979; Vánky 1979, 1983; Braun 1982). The entire complex in Poland requires further re-examination. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. 18. Microbotryum scabiosae Vánky Mycotaxon 67: 52. 1998. 19. Microbotryum scorzonerae (Alb. & Schwein.) G. Deml & Prillinger in Prillinger et al., Bot. Acta 104: 10. 1991. 20. Microbotryum silenes-inflatae (DC. ex Liro) G. Deml & Oberw. Phytopathol. Z. 104(4): 354. 1982. 21. Microbotryum stellariae (Sowerby) G. Deml & Oberw. Phytopathol. Z. 104(4): 354. 1982. 22. Microbotryum tragopogonis-pratensis (Pers.) R. Bauer & Oberw. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1311. 1997. ON FOUR SPECIES OF ANTHRACOIDEA 31 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI For the present study we examined herbarium collections of infected Carex fuliginosa and C. sempervirens, and reconsidered records of Anthracoidea caricis on Carex michelii. In addition, our recent collecting trips in Poland yielded smutted plants of C. hartmanii and C. humilis, which had not been found to be infected by Anthracoidea species in Poland before. The species of Anthracoidea on these species of Carex are identified as follows: Anthracoidea buxbaumii Kukkonen (Figs 1–3) Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. Bot. Fennicae ‘Vanamo’ 34: 88. 1963. Sori in ovaries, scattered in the inflorescence, as globose to subglobose, hard black bodies up to 2 mm in diameter, covered by a thin, silvery membrane when young, later powdery. Spores large, dark reddish-brown, ovoid, polyhedral to irregular, in plane view 14–25 × 20–28 µm, with 1–3 internal swellings and without light-refractive spots, wall up to 2 µm thick, rather evenly thickened, surface verruculose, warts rounded, up to 0.5 µm high. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. POLAND. POLESIE: Bagno Bubnów swamp in Poleski National Park, on Carex hartmanii Cajand., 20 June 1997, leg. W. Mułenko (LBLM 8476, KRAM F-54088), same locality and host, 25 July 1998, leg. W. Mułenko (LBLM 8477). Anthracoidea buxbaumii parasitizes Carex buxbaumii and C. hartmanii, sedges belonging to Carex sect. Atratae. In Europe, Anthracoidea paniceae Kukkonen on Carex bicolor may also occur on representatives of this section, but this host is accidental for this Anthracoidea species (Vánky 1994). Anthracoidea buxbaumii is apparently a rare smut fungus. Nannfeldt (1979) listed only few European countries where it was observed. Most records are from C. buxbaumii; the smut was known on this host from Finland, Norway, Sweden (Nannfeldt 1979) and the European part of Russia (Scholler et al. 2003). On C. hartmanii it was reported only from Hungary, Sweden (Nannfeldt 1979), Romania (Vánky 1985) and Slovakia (Paulech 1998). The finding reported here is the first one in Poland (Fig. 7), and the collections come from C. hartmanii. It seems that Anthracoidea buxbaumii on C. buxbaumii occurs in Northern Europe, while in Central Europe it infects C. hartmanii. Anthracoidea humilis Vánky (Figs 4–6) Mycotaxon 18: 321. 1983. Sori in ovaries, scattered in the inflorescence, as globose to subglobose, hard black bodies up to 2 mm in diameter, covered by a thin, silvery membrane when young, later powdery. Spores medium-sized, dark reddish-brown, polyhedral to irregularly subpolygonal, in plane view 16–21 × 18–25 µm, with 1–3 weakly seen internal swellings and with light-refractive areas, wall unevenly thickened, up to 3 µm thick, surface distinctly verruculose, warts rounded, up to 0.5 µm high, irregularly spaced. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. POLAND. WYŻYNA MAŁOPOLSKA UPLAND: Biała Góra Reserve near Miechów, on Carex humilis Leyss., 3 May 2004, leg. M. Piątek & J. Piątek (KRAM F-54087); Wały Reserve near Racławice, on Carex humilis Leyss., 11 July 2004, leg. M. Piątek & J. Piątek (KRAM F-54015). Anthracoidea humilis infects only Carex humilis belonging to Carex sect. Digitatae. In Europe, A. irregularis (Liro) Boidol & Poelt (on C. digitata, C. ornithopoda, C. pallens, C. pediformis) and A. rupestris Kukkonen (on Carex glacialis) also occur on representatives of this section. The former has very irregular spores, and the latter a thinner wall and abundant internal swellings. Anthracoidea humilis has been described relatively recently. Its holotype and isotypes come from Romania. In the original description the species was also reported from Austria and Germany (Vánky 1983), and further found in Switzerland, France (Scholz & Scholz 1988), Spain (Almaraz & Durrieu 1997) and Bulgaria (Denchev 2001). Now Poland must be added to the geographical range of A. humilis (Fig. 7). Two populations have been found in steppe reserves in the Inuletum ensifoliae plant association, of which C. humilis is a characteristic species. The infected ovaries appear and disappear relatively early in the vegetative season. 32 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 Figs 1–6. 1–3. Spores of Anthracoidea buxbaumii Kukkonen (SEM, from LBLM 8477). 4–6. Spores of Anthracoidea humilis Vánky (SEM, from KRAM F-54087). The first find comes from the beginning of May. Only degraded sori were observed in the second locality found on 11 June. The most suitable collection time for A. humilis is in May and the first half of June. Anthracoidea michelii Vánky (Figs 8–9) Bot. Not. 132: 223. 1979. Sori in ovaries, scattered in the inflorescence, as subglobose, hard black bodies up to 2 mm in 33 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI June 1970–1972, leg. J. Romaszewska-Sałata (ubi?, Romaszewska-Sałata 1975, 1977); Mięćmierz near Kazimierz, on Carex michelii Host, June 1970–1972, leg. J. Romaszewska-Sałata (ubi?, Romaszewska-Sałata 1975, 1977); Okale near Kazimierz, on Carex michelii Host, June 1970–1972, leg. J. Romaszewska-Sałata (ubi?, Romaszewska-Sałata 1975, 1977). Fig 7. Distribution of discussed Anthracoidea species in Poland:
– Anthracoidea buxbaumii Kukkonen,
– Anthracoidea humilis Vánky,  – Anthracoidea michelii Vánky,  – Anthracoidea sempervirentis Vánky. diameter. Spores medium-sized, reddish-brown to dark reddish-brown, quite variable in shape, subangular, polyhedral to irregular, in plane view 14–20 × 15–23 µm, with 1–2 internal swellings and common light-refractive areas, wall unevenly thickened, up to 3 µm thick, surface distinctly verruculose to papillate, warts rounded, up to 0.5 µm high. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. UKRAINE. PODOLIYA: Dobrowlany, on Carex michelii Host, June 1914, leg. A. Wróblewski (KRAM F-2478); Szutromińce, on Carex michelii Host, 1935, leg. Z. Kawecki (KRAM F-54169). LITERATURE RECORDS. POLAND. WYŻYNA LUBELSKA UPLAND: Brody, on Carex michelii Host, Anthracoidea michelii parasitizes Carex michelii and C. brevicollis, sedges belonging to Carex sect. Rhomboidales. Representatives of this section in Europe are also infected by A. pilosae Vánky (on Carex pilosa); it differs by having larger spores and only occasional light-refractive areas. Anthracoidea michelii on C. michelii has been reported from several European countries including Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia and Ukraine (Vánky 1979). The latter author reported A. michelii also from Poland, specifying the locality as ‘DžvinogřodPodde’ (= Dźwinogród-Podole), but this place is actually in Ukraine. In Bulgaria the smut has been found on C. brevicollis (Denchev 2001). From Poland, collections of Anthracoidea on Carex michelii have been recorded as A. caricis (Pers.) Bref. from three localities in the Wyżyna Lubelska upland (Romaszewska-Sałata 1975, 1977). These specimens were not available for re-examination (they are missing from LBLM where they should be deposited), but they belong to A. michelii in all probability. We prepared the morphology and SEM micrographs of this species using two collections of Anthracoidea michelii on Carex michelii from Ukraine. Anthracoidea michelii is recognized here for the first time in Poland (Fig. 7). Anthracoidea sempervirentis Vánky (Figs 10–13) Bot. Not. 132: 225. 1979. Sori in ovaries, scattered in the inflorescence, as subglobose to ovoid, hard black bodies up to 2 mm in diameter. Spores medium-sized, dark reddish-brown, rounded, moderately polygonal to irregular, in plane view 15–22 × 19–25 µm, without internal swellings but sometimes with light-refractive spots, wall up to 2 µm thick, and up to 4 µm thick at the angles, surface finely ver- 34 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 Figs 8–13. 8–9. Spores of Anthracoidea michelii Vánky (SEM, from KRAM F-2478). 10–13. Spores of Anthracoidea sempervirentis Vánky (SEM, from KRAM F-54090). ruculose, warts rounded, up to 0.5 µm, irregularly spaced or confluent. SPECIMENS EXAMINED. POLAND. WESTERN CARPATHIANS: Tatra Mts, Przełęcz Liliowe pass, on Carex sempervirens Vill., June 1916, leg. A. Wróblewski (KRAM F-2500), same locality and host, 6 Aug. 1917, leg. A. Wróblewski (KRAM F-2485); Mały Kościelec Mt, on Carex sempervirens Vill., June 1916, leg. A. Wróblewski (KRAM F-2495), same locality and host, 5 Aug. 35 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI 1917, leg. A. Wróblewski (KRAM F-2499); Dolina Kościeliska valley, on Carex sempervirens Vill., 13 Aug. 1917, leg. A. Wróblewski (KRAM F-2498); Kominy Tylkowe Mt, near Dolina Smytnia valley, on Carex sempervirens Vill., 13 Aug. 1917, leg. A. Wróblewski (KRAM F-2493); above Morskie Oko lake, on Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr (= misnamed C. sempervirens Vill., teste T. Majewski), 1957, leg. B. Starmachowa (KRAM F-9913); Sucha Dolina valley, 1580 m a.s.l., on Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr (= misnamed Carex sempervirens Vill., teste W. Paul), 15 Aug. 1979, leg. B. Sałata (LBLM 8474); Piekło rocks, 1450 m a.s.l., on Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr (= misnamed Carex sempervirens Vill., teste W. Paul), Aug. 1979, leg. B. Sałata (LBLM 8475); UKRAINE. EESTERN CARPATHIANS: Chornohora Mts, Kizie Ułohy Mt, 1860 m a.s.l., on Carex sempervirens Vill., 8 Aug. 1935, leg. A. Środoń (KRAM F-54090). LITERATURE RECORDS. POLAND. WESTERN CARPATHIANS: Tatra Mts, Świstówka, on Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr (= misnamed C. sempervirens Vill., teste T. Majewski), 1961, leg. Z. Kawecki (Starmachowa 1963; Kochman & Majewski 1973); Tatra Mts, on Carex ferruginea Scop., Sept. 1966, leg. J. Kućmierz (HUV, Vánky 1985). Anthracoidea sempervirentis infects several species of Carex belonging to Carex sect. Aulocystis, but it occurs most commonly on Carex sempervirens. In Europe, A. altera Nannf. and A. misandrae Kukkonen may also parasitize on representatives of sect. Aulocystis, but they have rounded to slightly irregular spores with the wall evenly thickened. The geographical range of A. sempervirentis includes the mountains of Central and Southern Europe, where it was reported from several countries (Vánky 1979; Scholz & Scholz 1988; Almaraz & Durrieu 1997; Denchev 2001). In the Carpathians, including the Tatras, it is a fairly common species on Carex sempervirens. The collections by Antoni Wróblewski (given above) were previously published under the name ‘Cintractia caricis (Pers.) Magn.’ (Wróblewski 1922). The two collections on Carex fuliginosa published as ‘Anthracoidea caricis (Pers.) Bref.’ (Mułenko et al. 1995) suggested that the species may be A. misandrae, but examination of voucher specimens revealed that the host plant is actually C. sempervirens, and the smut is A. sempervirentis. Similarly, two collec- tions on C. fuliginosa recorded by Starmachowa (1963) as ‘Cintractia caricis (Pers.) Magn.’ are based on misidentifications of the host plants: it is indeed C. sempervirens (Kochman & Majewski 1973) smutted by A. sempervirentis. Vánky (1979) was the first author to report Anthracoidea sempervirentis from Poland under its specific name. He listed two collections of this fungus which, although he did not specify the localities, probably originated from the Tatra Mts. Later he recorded this smut on Carex ferruginea in the Tatras (Vánky 1985). In Polish literature, the name A. sempervirentis first appeared in a paper by Sałata and Mułenko (1996), and recently in the checklist by Mułenko et al. (2004). Anthracoidea sempervirentis is the most common Anthracoidea species in the Tatra Mts, surely more common than is shown on the map (Fig. 7). In addition to the Polish collections, we included a collection from Ukraine because the SEM micrographs were made from this specimen. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We are grateful to Dr. Kálmán Vánky (Tübingen, Germany) for supplying important literature, reading the manuscript and making improvements, to Professor Tomasz Majewski (Warsaw, Poland) for providing access to unpublished materials and for valuable suggestions on the manuscript, to Dr. Wojciech Paul (Kraków, Poland) for verifying identifications of some host plants, to Anna Łatkiewicz (Kraków, Poland) for her assistance with scanning electron microscopy, and to Joanna Kazik (Łódź, Poland) for checking the English. This study was supported by the Polish Ministry of Education and Science for 2005–2008, grant no. 2 P04G 019 28. REFERENCES ADAMSKA I. 2001. Microscopic fungus-like organisms and fungi of the Słowiński National Park. II. (NW Poland). Acta Mycol. 36(1): 31–65. ADAMSKA I. & BŁASZKOWSKI J. 2000. Microscopic funguslike organisms and fungi of the Słowiński National Park. I. Acta Mycol. 35(2): 243–259. ALMARAZ T. & DURRIEU G. 1997. Ustilaginales from the Spanish Pyrenees and Andorra. Mycotaxon 65: 223–236. BAUER R., OBERWINKLER F. & VÁNKY K. 1997. Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa. Canad. J. Bot. 75: 1237–1314. 36 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 50(1). 2005 BAUER R., BEGEROW D., NAGLER A. & OBERWINKLER F. 2001a. The Georgefischeriales: a phylogenetic hypothesis. Mycol. Res. 105(4): 416–424. MADEJ T., BŁASZKOWSKI J. & TADYCH M. 2001. Ustilago trichophora (H. F. Link) F. Körnicke, a fungus newly found in Poland. Acta Soc. Bot. Polon. 70(1): 43–46. BAUER R., BEGEROW D., OBERWINKLER F., PIEPENBRING M. & BERBEE M. L. 2001b. Ustilaginomycetes. In: D. J. MCLAUGHLIN, E. G. MCLAUGHLIN & P. A. LEMKE (eds), The Mycota. 7. Systematics and Evolution Part B, pp. 57–83. Springer Verlag, Berlin–Heidelberg. MICHALSKI A. 1982. Parasitic fungi of Noteć meadows and neighbouring areas adjacent on the stretch Nakło–Ujście. Acta Mycol. 18(2): 175–202 (in Polish with English summary). BEGEROW D., BAUER R. & OBERWINKLER F. 1998. Phylogenetic studies on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of smut fungi and related taxa. Canad. J. Bot. 75(1997): 2045–2056. BOIDOL M. & POELT J. 1963. Zur Kenntnis der Blütenbrände von Cyperaceen in Südbayern. Berichte der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der heimischen Flora 36: 13–24. BRAUN U. 1982. Anthracoidea pseudirregularis spec. nov. Boletus 6: 52–53. BRAUN U. & HIRSCH G. 1978. Übersicht über die europäischen Arten der Gattung Anthracoidea Bref. (Ustilaginales). Fedd. Repert. 89: 43–60. DENCHEV C. M. 2001. Fungi Bulgariae 4. Classis Ustomycetes (ordines Tilletiales, Ustilaginales et Graphiolales). Editio Academica „Prof. Marin Drinov”, Editio „Pensoft”, Sofia. MUŁENKO W. 1989. The microscopic pathogenic fungi of the Łęczna-Włodawa Lake District. II. The list of species. Acta Mycol. 24(1988): 125–171 (in Polish with English summary). MUŁENKO W. 1994. Notes on some rare and unusual species of parasitic fungi collected from natural plant communities in Poland. Mycologist 8(2): 71–75. MUŁENKO W., SAŁATA B. & WOŁCZAŃSKA A. 1995. Mycological notes from the Tatra National Park. II. Acta Mycol. 30(1): 65–79. MUŁENKO W., KOZŁOWSKA M. & SAŁATA B. 2004. Microfungi of the Tatra National Park. A checklist. Biodiversity of the Tatra National Park 1: 1–72. NAGLER A., BAUER R., BERBEE M., VÁNKY K. & OBERWINKLER F. 1989. Light and electron microscopic studies of Schroeteria delastrina and S. poeltii. Mycologia 81: 884–895. ERSHAD D. 2000. Vankya, a new genus of smut fungi. Rostaniha 1: 65–72 (in English) & 151–161 (in Farsi). NANNFELDT J. A. 1977. The species of Anthracoidea (Ustilaginales) on Carex subg. Vignea with special regard to the Nordic species. Bot. Not. 130: 351–375. KAWECKA-STARMACHOWA B. 1936. Die Brandpilze Polens. 1. Teil. Ustilagineae. Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr. 68/69(1935): 117–176 (in Polish with German summary). NANNFELDT J. A. 1979. Anthracoidea (Ustilaginales) on Nordic Cyperaceae-Caricoideae, a concluding synopsis. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 22(3): 1–41. KAWECKA-STARMACHOWA B. 1939. Die Brandpilze Polens. 2. Teil. Tilletineae. Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr. 73: 147–224 + tabs i–iv (in Polish with German summary). PAULECH P. 1998. The genus Anthracoidea (Ustilaginales) in Slovakia. Bull. Sloven. Bot. Spoločn. 20: 20–26 (in Slovak with English abstract). KOCHMAN J. 1936. Grzyby głowniowe Polski. Planta Polonica 4: 1–161 + tabs i–xii. PIĄTEK M. 2005a. Kochmania, a new genus of smut fungi and new records of cypericolous species from Poland and Ukraine. Mycotaxon 92: 33–42. KOCHMAN J. & MAJEWSKI T. 1973. Basidiomycetes, Ustilaginales. In: J. KOCHMAN & A. SKIRGIEŁŁO (eds), Flora Polska. Rośliny zarodnikowe Polski i ziem ościennych. Grzyby. 5. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa–Kraków. KUĆMIERZ J. 1976. Rare and new for Poland species of Uredinales and Ustilaginales collected in the area of the Pieniny Mountains (Western Carpathians). Acta Mycol. 12(2): 257–264 (in Polish with English summary). KUĆMIERZ J. 1977a. Investigation on the parasitic fungi from the Pieniny Mts. Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie 137, Rozprawy 52: 1–142 (in Polish with English and Russian summaries). KUĆMIERZ J. 1977b. Wyniki obserwacji nad wpływem nawożenia mineralnego na występowanie grzybów pasożytniczych traw łąkowych w okolicach Jaworek (Pieniny). Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie 120: 69–86. PIĄTEK M. 2005b. Anthracoidea vankyi (Ustilaginomycetes) in Poland, with a review of its host spectrum and world distribution. Acta Mycol. (in press). PIĄTEK M., MUŁENKO W., PIĄTEK J. & BACIGÁLOVÁ K. 2005. Taxonomy and distribution of Microbotryum pinguiculae, a species of smut fungi new for the Carpathians. Polish Bot. J.: 50(2) (in press). PIEPENBRING M. 2000. The species of Cintractia s.l. (Ustilaginales, Basidiomycota). Nova Hedwigia 70(3–4): 289–372. PIEPENBRING M., BEGEROW D. & OBERWINKLER F. 1999. Molecular sequence data assess the value of morphological characteristics for a phylogenetic classification of species of Cintractia. Mycologia 91(3): 485–498. PŁACHECKA A. 2005. Two smut fungi (Ustilaginales) new to Poland. Phytopathologia Polonica: in press. 37 M. PIĄTEK ET AL.: CATALOGUE OF POLISH SMUT FUNGI PUSZ W. & KITA W. 2001. The occurrence of Ustilago trichophora in Poland. Phytopathologia Polonica 22: 183–185. VÁNKY K. 1983. Ten new species of Ustilaginales. Mycotaxon 18: 319–336. ROMASZEWSKA-SAŁATA J. 1975. Les espèces de champignons parasites rares et nouvelles pour la Pologne. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, Sect. C 30: 83–89 (in Polish with Russian and French summaries). VÁNKY K. 1985. Carpathian Ustilaginales. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 44(2): 1–309. ROMASZEWSKA-SAŁATA J. 1977. Champignons parasites des associations xérothermiques sur le Plateau de Lublin. Acta Mycol. 13(1): 25–83 (in Polish with French summary). ROMASZEWSKA-SAŁATA J. 1982. Species of microscopic phytopathogenic fungi new and rare in Polish flora. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, Sect. C 37: 201–214 (in Polish with Russian and English summaries). VÁNKY K. 1994. European smut fungi. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart–Jena–New York. VÁNKY K. 1998a. The genus Microbotryum (smut fungi). Mycotaxon 67: 33–60. VÁNKY K. 1998b. Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales. XVIII. Mycotaxon 69: 93–115. VÁNKY K. 1999. The new classificatory system for smut fungi, and two new genera. Mycotaxon 70: 35–49. SAŁATA B. & MUŁENKO W. 1996. Microscopic phytopathogenic fungi. Tatry i Podtatrze 3: 393–404 (in Polish with English summary). VÁNKY K. 2001a. Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales. XXI. Mycotaxon 78: 265–326. SAŁATA B., ROMASZEWSKA-SAŁATA J. & MUŁENKO W. 1986. Notatki mikologiczne z Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego. Acta Mycol. 20(1984): 13–21. VÁNKY K. 2001b. The new classification of smut fungi, exemplified by Australasian taxa. Austral. Syst. Bot. 14: 385–394. SCHOLLER M., SCHNITTLER M. & PIEPENBRING M. 2003. Species of Anthracoidea (Ustilaginales, Basidiomycota) on Cyperaceae in Arctic Europe. Nova Hedwigia 76(3–4): 415–428. VÁNKY K. 2001c. The emended Ustilaginaceae of the modern classificatory system for smut fungi. Fungal Diversity 6: 131–147. SCHOLZ H. & SCHOLZ I. 1988. Die Brandpilze Deutschlands (Ustilaginales). Englera 8: 1–691. SCHRÖTER J. 1869. Die Brand- und Rostpilze Schlesiens. Abhandlungen der Schlesischen Gesellschaft für Vaterländische Kultur 1869/1872: 1–31. SCHRÖTER J. 1887. Die Pilze Schlesiens: Ustilaginei. In: F. COHN (ed.), Kryptogamen-Flora von Schlesien 3(1): 261–290. J. U. Kern’s Verlag, Breslau. SKIRGIEŁŁO A., MUŁENKO W. & SADOWSKA B. 1992. Fungi. Phytocoenosis 4 (N.S.), Archiv. Geobot. 3: 23–44. STARMACHOWA B. 1963. Les champignons parasitaires des Tatras. Monogr. Bot. 15: 153–294 (in Polish with French summary). VÁNKY K. 1979. Species concept in Anthracoidea (Ustilaginales) and some new species. Bot. Not. 132: 221–231. VÁNKY K. 2004. Taxonomic studies on Ustilaginomycetes – 24. Mycotaxon 89(1): 55–118. VÁNKY K. & MCKENZIE E. H. C. 2002. Smut fungi of New Zealand. Fungal Diversity Research Series 8: 1–259. WEISS M., BAUER R. & BEGEROW D. 2004. Spotlights on heterobasidiomycetes. In: R. AGERER, M. PIEPENBRING & P. BLANZ (eds), Frontiers in basidiomycote mycology, pp. 7–48. IHW–Verlag, Eching. WOŁCZAŃSKA A. & ROZWAŁKA R. 2005. Urocystis muscaridis (Ustilaginomycetes) – a new fungal species in Poland. Polish Bot. J.: 50(1): 93–96. WRÓBLEWSKI A. 1922. Wykaz grzybów zebranych w latach 1913–1918 z Tatr, Pienin, Beskidów Wschodnich, Podkarpacia, Podola, Roztocza i innych miejscowości. Część I. Phycomycetes, Ustilaginaceae, Uredinales i Basidiomycetes. Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr. 55: 1–50. Received 1 February 2005