Texas Invasives

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Federal Noxious Weed

TDA Noxious Weed

TPWD Prohibited Exotic Species

Invasive Plant Atlas of the US

NOTE:

means species is on that list.

Phelipanche ramosa

Hemp broomrape

Synonym(s): Orobanche ramosa
Family: Orobanchaceae (Broom-Rape Family)
Duration and Habit: Annual Herb

Photographer: USDA APHIS Archives, Bugwood.org
Source: USDA APHIS

Description

Hedge bindweed, also called morning glory, is a perennial herbaceous vine that twines around other vegetation or fences for support and has large, white trumpet shaped flowers. Stems are light green to red, slender, twined, branched and mostly hairless. Leaves are sparsely distributed along the stems, 2.5-5 inches long and 1-2 inches wide, roughly arrowhead-shaped with large basal lobes that can be rounded or squared-off in shape. Flowers are composed of white petals that are fused into a flared trumpet shape, about 2-3 inches across and long. Two large green leafy bracts are found at the base of each flower. Below ground the plant has extensive, white fleshy rhizomes and fibrous roots, and it may extend into the ground up to 10 feet.

Native Lookalikes: Currently no information available here yet, or there are no native Texas species that could be confused with Hemp broomrape.

Ecological Threat: Hemp broomrape is a worldwide noxious parasite of many crops and associated weeds. Heavy infestations can severely damage crops.

Biology & Spread: Reproduces by seed. Seed disperses with human activities, farm machinery, water, and wind. It also spreads by clonal offshoots from its rhizomes and by seed.

History: Phelipanche ramosa is native to the Mediterranean area of southern Europe but has been spread to a number of other parts of the world.

U.S. Habitat: Ornamental and vegetable crop fields (especially tomato fields), developed areas, farms, urban parks and vacant lands.

Distribution

U.S. Nativity: Introduced to U.S.

Native Origin: Introduced from Europe

U.S. Present: CA, IL, KY, NC, NJ, TX

Distribution in Texas: Central Texas

Mapping

Invaders of Texas Map: Phelipanche ramosa
EDDMapS: Phelipanche ramosa
USDA Plants Texas County Map: Phelipanche ramosa

Invaders of Texas Observations

List All Observations of Phelipanche ramosa reported by Citizen Scientists

OBS# 2951

OBS# 24748

OBS# 20595

Native Alternatives

There are several native broomrapes in California, a few of which are uncommon to rare, but only Cooper's broomrape occurs in the Mojave and Sonoran deserts and is a weed of vegetable crops. Unlike branched broomrape, native broomrapes have 5-lobed calyces.

Management

Hand pulling plants, plowing under trap crops before seed production, or burying seed with one deep inversion plowing can help control infestations.

USE PESTICIDES WISELY: ALWAYS READ THE ENTIRE PESTICIDE LABEL CAREFULLY, FOLLOW ALL MIXING AND APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS AND WEAR ALL RECOMMENDED PERSONAL PROTECTIVE GEAR AND CLOTHING. CONTACT YOUR STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOR ANY ADDITIONAL PESTICIDE USE REQUIREMENTS, RESTRICTIONS OR RECOMMENDATIONS. MENTION OF PESTICIDE PRODUCTS ON THIS WEB SITE DOES NOT CONSTITUTE ENDORSEMENT OF ANY MATERIAL.

Text References

Dhanapal, G. N., P. C. Struik, M. Udayakumar, and J. M. Timmermans. 1996. Management of Broomrape (Orobanche spp.) - A review. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 175:335-359.

Foy, C. L., R. Jain, and R. Jacobsohn. 1989. Recent approaches for chemical control of broomrape (Orobanche spp.). Reviews in Weed Science 4:123-152.

Holm, L., J. Doll, E. Holm, J. Pancho, and J. Herberger. 1997. Obligate parasitic weeds: Orobanche ramosa L., and Orobanche minor Sm. In 'World Weeds: Natural Histories and Distribution' pp. 511-530 (John Wiley & Sons Inc: New York).

Mitich, L. W. 1993. Orobanche-The Broomrapes. Weed Technology 7:532-535.

Musselman, L. J. 1980. The biology of Striga, Orobanche, and other root-parasitic weeds. Annual Reviews of Phytopathology 18:463-489.

Stout, G. L. 1938. A recurrence of broomrape (Orobanche ramosa L.) on tomato plants in California. California Department of Agriculture Bulletin 27(2):166-171.

Online Resources

Encycloweedia, California Department of Food and Agriculture

https://extension.psu.edu/the-noxious-persistent-invasive-and-perennial-bindweeds

https://kingcounty.gov/en/legacy/services/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds/weed-identification/hedge-bindweed