| Plant Habit: | Shrub |
| Life cycle: | Perennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Sun to Partial Shade |
| Water Preferences: | Mesic |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) Slightly alkaline (7.4 – 7.8) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 5a -28.9 °C (-20 °F) to -26.1 °C (-15 °F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 9b |
| Plant Height: | 6-10 feet |
| Plant Spread: | 6-8 feet |
| Leaves: | Good fall color Evergreen Other: Some leaves turn bronze-red to burgundy in fall and winter. |
| Fruit: | Showy Edible to birds Other: 1/4 inch dark purple berries with a white bloom. |
| Flowers: | Showy |
| Flower Color: | Yellow |
| Bloom Size: | Under 1" |
| Flower Time: | Spring |
| Uses: | Windbreak or Hedge Will Naturalize |
| Edible Parts: | Fruit |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Bees Birds |
| Resistances: | Deer Resistant Drought tolerant Salt tolerant |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Stratify seeds: seeds require a cooling period prior to germination and are best planted in the Fall Sow in situ Can handle transplanting |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Stem |
| Miscellaneous: | Tolerates poor soil With thorns/spines/prickles/teeth |
| Awards and Recognitions: | RHS AGM |
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