Sarcoptes Scabiei

SPECIES: Sarcoptes Scabiei var. hominis ( subclass Acari )

COMMON NAME: Scabies mite

SIZE: the adult female is 0.4 x 0.3 mm, the male 0.2 x 0.15 mm.

LIFECYCLE: 2-5 days outside the host.

FEATURES: An obligate parasite of man, invisible to the naked eye, oval-shaped, ventrally flattened and with a tortoise-like convex back. The characteristic symptom of scabies is itching: this is typically nocturnal, and appears gradually. Pregnant females, their larvae and their eggs cause the contagion; males do not penetrate into the skin and die shortly after mating. The fertilized female remains on the skin surface until the eggs are almost mature (this is the period during which they can infect other individuals by contact) after digging (0.5-5 mm per day) a tunnel into the stratum corneum of the skin where she stays and begins to lay eggs at the rate of 2-3 per day for about two months. These hatch and give rise to larvae (hexapods), which dig more tunnels themselves to continue their development in two nymphal stages that precede the adult stage.

HABITAT: barracks, dorms, schools, hotels, homes for the elderly, berths on ships and trains, etc. Hospitals often act as carriers of the infection.

DIET: obligate human parasite.

DAMAGE: Pearly blisters, nodules, eczema lesion manifestations give a polymorphism characteristic to clinical manifestations of scabies. Alongside this polymorphism, a diagnosis of scabies can be determined by examining the distribution of the lesions. It's so common that it should be remembered in detail: interdigital spaces of the hands, the ulnar margin of hands, forearm surfaces, the extensor surfaces of the elbows, the front of the armpits, genitals, buttock grooves, and plantar surfaces in children.

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